Figure 3.

Effect of NSAIDs and paracetamol on SARS-CoV-2 virus replication. Caco-2 cells were preincubated with test substances or vehicle in the indicated concentrations for 1 h and subsequently infected with SARS-CoV-2 at an MOI of 0.01 for 24 h in the presence of compound dilutions. Afterwards, the cells were fixed and stained via immunohistochemistry against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The percentage of spike positive area per well was quantified and the values of the compound treated samples were normalized to the virus control without compounds (=100%). Values lower or higher than 100% represent virus inhibition or promotion, respectively. The experiment was achieved in three biological replicates. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons test was used. * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001 show statistically significant differences between drug treated and vehicle treated samples.