Table 1.

List of POPs, EDCs, and heavy metals associated with breast cancer, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine fibroids, and preterm birth.

Women’s Health Condition	Associated EDCs/POPs	Associated Heavy Metals	References
Breast Cancer	1,2,3,7,8-PeDCC; 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF; PCB-74; PCB-99; PCB-118	Cadmium; lead; nickel	Reynolds et al. [80]; Muscat et al. [81]; Parada et al. [82]; Kaushiva et al. [43]
Endometriosis	PCB-138; PCB-153; PCB-180; TCDD; DES	Cadmium	Stillman et al. [90]; Homberger et al. [91]; Potera et al. [95]; Lei et al. [97]; Jackson et al. [11].
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome	BPA; perfluorooctanoate, perfluorooctane; PCB-153; PCB-170; PCB-180; PCB-183; PCB-196; PCB-203	Cadmium; copper; lead; mercury; zinc	Takeuchi et al. [116]; Kandaraki [117]; Konieczna et al. [118]; Vagi et al. [119]; Kurdoglu et al. [122]; Kirmizi et al. [123]
Uterine Fibroids	DES; DDT; DDE; PCB-126; PCB-180; PCB-191; MiBP; MBzP; MEP	Arsenic; cadmium; lead; mercury	Mahalingaiah et al. [134]; Baird et al. [135]; Trabert et al. [136]; Zota et al. [137]; Qin et al. [138]
Endometriosis + Uterine Fibroids	PCB-99; PCB-138; PCB-146; PCB-153; PCB-196; PCB-206	Unknown	Trabert et al. [136]
Preterm Birth	TCDD; BAP; unspecified PCBs (low chlorine content); Chlordecone	Cadmium; lead; chromium; copper; magnesium	Wu et al. [141]; Candela et al. [143]; Kofoed et al. [144]; Kadhel et al. [145]; Santoro et al. [146]