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. 2022 Jan 19;23(3):1048. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031048

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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ATP12A protein expression in sperm cells from cattle, buffalo and sheep. Representative fluorescence microscope images showing immunodetection of ATP12A (green) in frozen/thawed sperm cells. The secondary antibody was conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Insets in the merge panels represent 2× magnification of representative sperm cells indicated by white arrows. Yellow arrows within the green channel indicate positive staining of ATP12A at the flagellum. Scale bar: 20 μm.