| Aβ | amyloid-beta |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| APOE | apolipoprotein E gene |
| ApoE | apolipoprotein E |
| APP | amyloid precursor protein |
| BBB | blood–brain barrier |
| BDNF | brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| CDR | clinical dementia rating scale |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| DNMT | DNA methyltransferases |
| GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid |
| GDNF | glial cell derived neurotrophic factor |
| GWAS | genome-wide association studies |
| HDAC | histone deacetylase |
| IL | interleukin |
| IQ | intelligence quotient |
| MCI | mild cognitive impairment |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 |
| aMCI | amnestic mild cognitive impairment |
| naMCI | nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment |
| MoCA | Montreal Cognitive Assessment |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| miRNA | microRNA |
| MMSE | Mini-mental State Examination score |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| NGF | nerve growth factor |
| NMDAR | N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor |
| PFC | prefrontal cortex |
| p75NTR | neurotrophin receptor p75 |
| SNP | single nucleotide polymorphism |
| sTNFR | soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor |
| sTREM2 | soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VILIP-1 | visinin-like protein-1 |
| YKL-40 | chitinase-3-like protein 1 |