Table 3.
Associations between indoor environmental exposures and otitis media with additional adjustment for maternal smoking †.
| Maternal Smoking | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| During Pregnancy | During Child’s First Year of Life | Currently | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
| Gas cooking (current) | 0.92 | 0.79, 1.06 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.78, 1.04 | 0.16 | 0.92 | 0.80, 1.07 | 0.28 |
| Gas cooking (first year of life) | 0.92 | 0.76, 1.12 | 0.40 | 0.90 | 0.74, 1.10 | 0.30 | 0.91 | 0.76, 1.10 | 0.33 |
| Heating by open fire or wood stove (current) | 1.27 | 0.95, 1.70 | 0.10 | 1.26 | 0.95, 1.68 | 0.11 | 1.28 | 0.97, 1.70 | 0.08 |
| Heating by open fire or wood stove (first year of life) | 1.06 | 0.84, 1.35 | 0.61 | 1.05 | 0.82, 1.34 | 0.70 | 1.07 | 0.84, 1.37 | 0.58 |
| Heating air conditioner (current) | 1.50 | 1.25, 1.80 | <0.0001 | 1.50 | 1.26, 1.79 | <0.0001 | 1.52 | 1.26, 1.82 | <0.0001 |
| Heating air conditioner (first year of life) |
1.23 | 0.97, 1.58 | 0.09 | 1.25 | 0.98, 1.59 | 0.067 | 1.24 | 0.97, 1.58 | 0.09 |
| Gas heater (current) | 1.01 | 0.85, 1.21 | 0.89 | 1.02 | 0.86, 1.22 | 0.81 | 1.00 | 0.84, 1.20 | 0.98 |
| Gas heater (first year of life) |
1.25 | 1.02, 1.53 | 0.03 | 1.23 | 1.01, 1.50 | 0.04 | 1.21 | 1.00, 1.46 | 0.048 |
| Cat or dog in house | 1.42 | 1.12, 1.81 | 0.0049 | 1.40 | 1.10, 1.79 | 0.0071 | 1.48 | 1.16, 1.89 | 0.0022 |
† Adjusted for day care attendance, maternal education, paternal education and SES status (IRSAD), age and gender. The reference category for all of the tabled variables is no exposure. Bold numbers: Significant results.