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. 2022 Feb 1;23(3):1697. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031697

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Differential diagnosis of HSP—Being an extremely heterogeneous disorder in clinical and genetic aspects, HSP is often misinterpreted with acquired myelopathies, neurometabolic disorders, inherited metabolic paraparesis, and some neurodegenerative disorders. ARSACS: Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay; SCAs: Spinocerebellar ataxias; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; CRMP-5: Collapsin response mediator protein-5; GAD: Glutamate decarboxylase; HTLV: Human T lymphotropic virus; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; PSEN: Presenilin; SPAX: Spastic ataxia.