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. 2022 Feb 2;23(3):1716. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031716

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The induction of a clonal response of CD4+ T lymphocytes to particular antigenic peptides in association with MHC-II proteins to APC (A) and a polyclonal response (B) as a result of the action of superantigens. MHC-II proteins are displayed in blue, antigens (Ag, SAg) are shown in red, and chains of the T-cell receptor (TCR) are shown in light green, TCR antigen-specific (hypervariable) sites are indicated in dark green, and the CD4 coreceptor is shown in yellow. Arrows indicate antigen and receptor designations.