| IRI | ischemia and reperfusion injury |
| AKI | acute kidney injury |
| TECs | tubular epithelial cells |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| EMT | epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition |
| TGF-beta | transforming growth factor-beta |
| MSC | mesenchymal stromal cell |
| EV | extracellular vesicle |
| MSC-EVs | EVs derived from MSCs |
| HLSC | human liver stem cell |
| CM | conditioned medium |
| HLSC-EVs | EVs derived from HLSCs |
| alpha-SMA | alpha-smooth muscle actin |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| TNF-alpha | tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| VIM | vimentin |
| ZO1 | zonula occludens 1 |
| PCNA | proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| TUNEL | terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling |
| HPF | high-power field |
| KIM1 | Kidney injury molecule 1 |
| LCN2 | lipocalin 2/NGAL |
| SELE | E-selectin |
| SELP | P-selectin |
| NF-KB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells |
| CCNB1 | G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 |
| MFI | median fluorescence intensity |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative Real-Time PCR |