Figure 4.

(a) 3D holotomographic images show each nanoparticle-loaded macrophage. This image focused on cell cytoplasm and lipid droplet information. (b) The properties of nanoparticle-loaded macrophages were quantitatively compared through numerical analysis in lipid droplet number, volume, mass, cell volume, dry mass, and protein concentration. Macrophage (RL; n = 262), AuNP-loaded macrophage (RL-AN; n = 180), and GQDs-loaded Macrophage (RL-GN; n = 233) was used for this analysis. Data are presented as a box-and-whiskers plot, with 10–90 percentile of results. Additionally, the data of lipid droplet number, cell volume, protein concentration, and dry mass showed significant differences (*** represents p < 0.0001). For the lipid droplet volume, the mass gave p-values of 0.0679 and 0.0672.