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. 2022 Jan 28;23(3):1516. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031516

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The AHR signaling pathway. Prior to ligand binding, the AHR (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor) is located in the cytoplasm as a complex comprising menu proteins, including Hsp90 (Heat shock protein 90), XAP2: (Hepatitis B virus X-associated protein 2), p23, and Src Kinase. Upon entry of the ligand-AHR into the nucleus, the associated proteins are dissociated, and the ligand-AHR complex binds to the ARNT (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator,), which, in turn, binds to the AHRE (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor responsive elements) on the CYP1A1 promoter, leading to transcriptional activation of CYP1A1 and other phase II genes.