| α-MSH | α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| MC1R | melanocortin 1 receptor |
| MITF | microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| TRP-1 | tyrosinase-related protein-1 |
| TRP-2 | tyrosinase-related protein-2 |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| JNK | Jun N-terminal kinas |
| CREB | cAMP response element-binding protein |
| GSK3β | glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta |
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