Table 1.
Pre-lockdown, clinical characteristics of the overall study population, and comparison between adherent and non-adherent groups.
| Variables | Overall Population (n = 130) |
Adherent Group (n = 119) |
Non-Adherent Group (n = 11) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 63.5 ± 9.3 | 68 ± 4.5 | 61.3 ± 5.9 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 89 (68.5) | 84 (70.6) | 6 (54.5) | 0.3 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 24 (18.5) | 77 (64.7) | 11(100) | 0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 88 (67.7) | 18 (15.1) | 6 (54.5) | <0.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 4 (3.1) | 3 (2.5) | 1 (9.1) | 0.2 |
| Familial hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 15 (11.5) | 14 (11.8) | 1 (9.1) | 0.8 |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2, n (%) | 21 (16.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.8 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 102 (78.5) | 93 (78.1) | 9 (81.8) | 0.8 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 20 (16.8) | 1 (9.1) | 0.5 |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 35 (26.9) | 34 (28.6) | 1 (9.1) | 0.2 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 2 (1.5) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0.7 |
| Carotid atherosclerosis, n (%) | 10 (7.7) | 9 (7.6) | 1 (9.1) | 0.8 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 4 (3.1) | 3 (2.5) | 1 (9.1) | 0.2 |
| High risk, n (%) | 53 (40.8) | 51 (42.8) | 2 (18.1) | 0.11 |
| Very high risk, n (%) | 49 (37.7) | 40 (33.6) | 9 (81.8) | <0.001 |
| Moderate risk, n (%) | 28 (21.5) | 28 (23.5) | 0 | 0.07 |
| Patients on LDL-C target, n (%) | 123 (94.6) | 112 (94.1) | 11 (100) | 0.4 |
| Beta blockers, n (%) | 74 (56.9) | 63 (52.9) | 11 (100) | 0.003 |
| Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | 90 (69.2) | 80 (67.2) | 10 (90.9) | 0.1 |
| ACE inhibitors, n (%) | 41 (31.5) | 38 (31.9) | 3 (27.3) | 0.7 |
| Angiotensin II receptor blockers, n (%) | 33 (25.4) | 32 (26.9) | 1 (9.1) | 0.2 |
| Calcium channel blockers, n (%) | 15 (11.5) | 14 (11.8) | 1 (9.1) | 0.8 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 43 (33.1) | 37 (31.1) | 6 (54.5) | 0.1 |
| Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants n (%) | 6 (4.6) | 5 (4.2) | 1 (9.1) | 0.5 |
| Class III antiarrhythmics, n (%) | 6 (4.6) | 6 (5.04) | 0 (0) | 0.4 |
| Insulin, n (%) | 6 (4.6) | 6 (5.04) | 0 (0) | 0.4 |
| Alpha blockers, n (%) | 5 (3.8) | 5 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0.9 |
| Antianginal drugs, n (%) | 7 (5.4) | 6 (5.04) | 1 (9.1) | 0.6 |
| Antigout drugs, n (%) | 5 (3.8) | 5 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0.5 |
| Glucocorticoids, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 1(0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.8 |
| Levothyroxine, n (%) | 6 (4.6) | 6 (5.04) | 0 (0) | 0.4 |
| Heparin, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.8 |
| Antiepileptic drugs, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.8 |
| Proton pump inhibitors, n (%) | 64 (49.2) | 54 (45.4) | 10 (91) | 0.004 |
| Statins, n (%) | 100 (76.9) | 90 (75.6) | 10 (91) | <0.001 |
| Ezetimibe, n (%) | 78 (60) | 67 (56.3) | 11 (100) | 0.005 |