Table 4.
Frequency of meibomian gland features in the middle-third of the lids.
| Features | All | Male | Female | p-Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UL | LL | p * | UL | LL | p * | UL | LL | p * | UL 1 | LL 1 | |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | Median (Q1, Q3) | Median (Q1, Q3) | Median (Q1, Q3) | Median (Q1, Q3) | Median (Q1, Q3) | ||||||
| Total number | 8.0 (7.5, 8.5) | 6.5 (6, 7.0) | <0.001 | 8.0 (7.3, 8.5) | 6.5 (6.0, 7.0) | 8.0 (7.5, 8.5) | 6.5 (6.0, 7.0) | 0.292 | 0.305 | ||
| Distorted | 3.0 (2.0, 3.5) | 2.0 (1.5, 3.0) | <0.001 | 3.0 (2.0, 3.5) | 2.0 (1.5, 2.6) | 2.8 (2.0, 3.4) | 2.5 (1.5, 3.0) | 0.327 | 0.474 | ||
| Tortuous | 3.0 (2.5, 4.0) | 0 (0, 0.5) | <0.001 | 3.0 (2.5, 3.8) | 0 (0, 0.5) | 3.0 (2.5, 4.0) | 0 (0, 1.0) | 0.797 | 0.739 | ||
| Hooked | 1.0 (0.5, 2.0) | 0 (0, 0) | <0.001 | 1.0 (0.5, 2.0) | 0 (0, 0) | 1.0 (0.5, 2.0) | 0 (0, 0.5) | 0.762 | 0.014 | ||
| Short | 3.0 (2.5, 4.5) | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | <0.001 | 3.0 (2.5, 4.5) | 2.0 (1.9, 3.0) | 3.0 (2.5, 4.5) | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 0.596 | 0.826 | ||
| Overlap | 3.0 (2.0, 4.5) | 0 (0, 1.5) | <0.001 | 3.0 (2.0, 4.5) | 0 (0, 1.1) | 2.5 (1.1, 4.4) | 0 (0, 1.8) | 0.164 | 0.961 | ||
| Ghost | 0 (0, 2.5) | 0 (0, 0) | <0.001 | 0 (0, 2.5) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 1.4) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.367 | 0.801 | ||
| Drop-out | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0.5) | 0.019 | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0.5) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0.0, 0.5) | 0.532 | 0.687 | ||
| Other Features | n (%) | n (%) | p # | n (%) | n (%) | p # | n (%) | n (%) | p # |
p-Value
UL 2 |
p-Value
LL 2 |
| Tadpoling (yes) | 20 (18.9%) | 7 (6.1%) | 0.0473 | 10 (18.5%) | 4 (6.9%) | 1.000 | 10 (19.2%) | 3 (5.3%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Gaps (yes) | 101 (96.2) | 91 (64.1%) | 0.015 | 52 (98.1%) | 38 (65.5%) | 0.377 | 49 (94.2%) | 39 (68.4%) | 0.037 | 0.363 | 0.843 |
| No lid margin extent (yes) | 5 (4.8%) | 36 (31.3%) | 0.002 | 2 (3.8%) | 18 (31.0%) | 0.076 | 3 (5.8%) | 18 (31.6%) | 0.031 | 0.678 | 1.000 |
| Fluffy areas (yes) | 71 (67.6%) | 114 (99.1%) | 0.324 | 33 (62.3%) | 57 (98.3%) | 0.377 | 38 (73.1%) | 57 (100%) | NA | 0.298 | 1.000 |
UL = upper lid; LL = lower lid. 1. Differences between males and females evaluated with Student t-test with normally distributed data and with Mann–Whitney test with non-normally distributed data. 2. Differences between males and females evaluated with Chi-square test. * Differences between upper and lower lids evaluated with Wilcoxon signed rank test. # Differences between upper and lower lids evaluated with Chi-square test.