Table 4. GRADE analysis of remdesivir compared with placebo/standard of care in patients hospitalized with moderate to severe COVID-19 in observational cohort studies.
| Certainty assessment | No. of patients | Effect | Certainty | Importance | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of studies | Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | Remdesivir | SOC | Relative (95% CI) | Absolute (95% CI) | ||
| Mortality in 28 days | ||||||||||||
| 3 | Observational study | not serious | Severea | not serious | not serious | none | 194/1639 (11.8%) | 367/2696 (13.6%) | RR 0.85 (0.56 to 1.28) | 20 fewer per 1,000 (from 60 fewer to 38 more) | MODERATE | IMPORTANT |
GRADE: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; SOC: standard of care; and RR: risk ratio.
a. High heterogeneity (I2 = 76%).