Table 2.

Morphometric and food intake data in 5-wk-old mice (2-wk diet treatment)

	Female					Male
Parameter	n	Control	High fat	Cohen’s d	P value	n	Control	High fat	Cohen’s d	P value
Body mass at start, g	14	8.8 (0.8)	8.8 (0.9)	0.0		14	9.2 (0.8)	9.2 (0.8)	0.0
Body mass at endpoint, g	14	16.5 (0.6)	17.5 (0.9)	1.3	0.001	14	20.5 (1.1)	21.2 (1.8)	0.5
BMI, kg/m2	14	2.9 (0.1)	2.9 (0.1)	0.0		14	3.2 (0.1)	3.2 (0.2)	0.0
Food consumption, g/day	8	3.3 (0.1)	2.7 (0.3)	2.7	<0.001	8	3.6 (0.2)	3.0 (0.3)	2.4	<0.001
Caloric intake, kcal/day	8	12.6 (0.3)	13.9 (1.3)	1.4	0.008	8	13.6 (0.7)	15.1 (1.8)	1.1	0.025
Rump skinfold, mm	6	1.1 (0.07)	1.3 (0.05)	3.3	<0.001	5/4	1.2 (0.04)	1.3 (0.04)	2.5	0.047
Body length, mm	14	75.1 (1.4)	77.1 (1.8)	1.2	0.002	14	80.4 (1.5)	81.9 (1.8)	0.9	0.013
Tail elongation rate, mm/day	14	0.81 (0.13)	0.89 (0.12)	0.6	0.049	14	0.85 (0.16)	1.02 (0.11)	1.2	0.002
Tibial elongation rate, µm/day	5/7	117 (7)	136 (9)	2.4	0.001	4/6	152 (6)	168 (14)	1.5	0.034
Femur length, mm	8	12.4 (0.2)	12.7 (0.2)	1.5	0.015	8	12.8 (0.2)	13.1 (0.3)	1.2	0.021
Bone density mid-femur, mg/cm3	5	776 (11)	808 (19)	2.1	0.006	6/5	805 (14)	831 (8)	2.3	0.003

Values are mean (SD). Sample sizes indicate mice in each diet per variable. Unequal sample sizes (listed as control/high-fat) were due to differences in data availability as described in methods. Variables with a significant sex-by-diet interaction (P < 0.05, assessed by two-way ANOVA) indicated in bold type. Cohen’s d is a standardized measure of effect size as detailed in Table 1. Sex-specific differences in high-fat diet group relative to control and their one-tailed P values (analyzed by independent samples t tests) are listed for significant pairwise comparisons. BMI, body mass index.