Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of both validation cohorts.
| Validation CRC (Val. CRC) | Validation AA (Val. AA) |
p-Value Training Cohort vs. |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 29) | CRC (n = 48) | p-Value | Control (n = 28) | AA (n = 48) | p-Value | Control Val. CRC |
Control Val. AA |
AA | CRC | |
| Age (years) | 68 ± 7 | 69 ± 10 | 0.694 | 66 ± 5 | 66 ± 10 | 0.718 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.011 | 0.521 |
| Gender (f/m) | 26/3 | 17/31 | <0.001 | 0/28 | 22/26 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.727 | 0.796 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3 ± 6.3 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 0.845 | 28.3 ± 3.7 | 27.4 ± 3.9 | 0.357 | 0.833 | 0.005 | 0.193 | 0.416 |
| Waist-to-hip-ratio | 0.9 ± 0.01 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.001 | 1.00 ± 0.08 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.015 | 0.052 | 0.033 | 0.652 | 0.760 |
| Fatty liver | 10 (37%) | 22 (46%) | 0.189 | 17 (61%) | 25 (52%) | 0.468 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.048 | 0.039 |
| GGT (U/L) | 31.3 ± 29.4 | 38.3 ± 38.3 | 0.131 | 50.1 ± 49.4 | 46.5 ± 67.5 | 0.146 | 0.565 | 0.028 | 0.354 | 0.569 |
| AST (U/L) | 21.8 ± 6.0 | 22.7 ± 12.3 | 0.273 | 24.8 ± 11.0 | 22.8 10.4 | 0.223 | 0.493 | 0.233 | 0.395 | 0.086 |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.9 ± 15.9 | 22.2 ± 15.9 | 0.244 | 26.9 ± 12.8 | 26.8 ± 21.5 | 0.280 | 0.428 | 0.126 | 0.456 | 0.545 |
| FI (µU/mL) | 7.9 ± 4.7 | 8.5 ± 4.7 | 0.628 | 12.8 ± 7.1 | 8.8 ± 4.9 | 0.103 | 0.412 | 0.004 | 0.363 | 0.427 |
| FG (mg/dL) | 105.3 ± 16.2 | 104.6 ± 18.9 | 0.797 | 112.1 ± 23.6 | 106.1 ± 15.8 | 0.377 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.034 | 0.749 |
| HOMA index | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 0.505 | 3.8 ± 2.5 | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 0.155 | 0.022 | 0.003 | 0.275 | 0.650 |
| Diabetes | 4 (14%) | 9 (19%) | 0.620 | 7 (25%) | 4 (8%) | 0.048 | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.218 | 0.754 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.7 ± 0.4 | 6.0 ± 0.9 | 0.307 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 0.824 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.321 | 0.180 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.64 ± 2.39 | 1.14 ± 1.86 | <0.001 | 0.52 ± 0.92 | 0.46 ± 0.87 | 0.290 | 0.311 | <0.001 | 0.741 | 0.432 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 161 ± 115 | 110 ± 96 | 0.043 | 297 ± 236 | 224 ± 230 | 0.063 | 0.045 | <0.001 | 0.162 | 0.492 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 14.5 ± 1.2 | 13.9 ± 2.2 | 0.553 | 15.2 ± 1.4 | 16.7 ± 14.5 | 0.024 | 0.319 | 0.057 | 0.970 | 0.152 |
| TG (mg/L) | 107.9 ± 44.2 | 121.6 ± 57.9 | 0.386 | 136.7 ± 58.7 | 125.7 ± 69.6 | 0.274 | 0.253 | 0.015 | 0.575 | 0.041 |
| HDL-C (mg/L) | 66.3 ± 18.6 | 57.5 ± 11.7 | 0.030 | 52.5 ± 12.7 | 64.0 ± 16.1 | 0.004 | 0.313 | 0.020 | 0.209 | 0.002 |
| LDL-C (mg/L) | 139.7 ± 36.1 | 134.4 ± 39.0 | 0.561 | 147.8 ± 43.3 | 145.7 ± 38.0 | 0.828 | 0.957 | 0.713 | 0.876 | 0.624 |
| Hypertension | 14 (50%) | 31 (65%) | 0.215 | 14 (50%) | 23 (48%) | 0.862 | 0.510 | 0.510 | 0.441 | 0.062 |
| MetS | 10 (36%) | 15 (31%) | 0.691 | 13 (46%) | 14 (29%) | 0.132 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.064 | 0.872 |
GGT, γ–glutamyl transferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; FI, fasting insulin; FG, fasting glucose; HOMA index, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; CRP, C-reactive protein; TG, triglyceride; HDL–C/LDL–C, high-density/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MetS, metabolic syndrome; data are expressed as means ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated; p-values are assessed by ANOVA (Benjamini–Hochberg or Tamhane post hoc analysis) or Kruskal–Wallis test; p-values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance and are marked in bold.