Table 1.

Advanced biological responsive nanomaterials and their diagnostic application.

Type of Diagnosis	Materials	Types	Bio-Relevant Stimuli	Application	Ref.
Biosensing	Peptide conjugated Au NP	Inorganic nanomaterials	Protein	Immunoassays	[17]
	Fe3O4 MNP	Inorganic nanomaterials	H2O2	Immunoassays	[18]
	GOx/hemin@ZIF-8	Metal-organic Frameworks	Glucose	Biosensing	[19]
	Platinum NPs/graphene oxide	Carbon-based nanomaterials	Protein	Cancer cell detection	[20]
	ZIF-8-ferrocene	Metal-organic Frameworks	AβO	Electrochemical sensing	[21]
	Polycurcumin	Organic nanomaterials	AβO	Electrochemical sensing	[22]
	rGO–Cu2O/GCE	Carbon-based nanomaterials	dopamine	Electrochemical sensing	[23]
	Pt/PANI/rGO/CuO	Carbon-based nanomaterials	Glucose	Electrochemical sensing	[24]
	PdCu alloy	Inorganic nanomaterials	Glucose	Electrochemical sensing	[25]
Molecular imaging	MnO2 nanoplatforms	Inorganic nanomaterials	pH	MRI	[26]
	Mn-SS/DOX@PDA-PEG	Organic nanomaterials	Glutathione	MRI	[27]
	Albumin-Based Nanoprobe	Organic nanomaterials	pH	Photoacoustic imaging	[28]
	IR775-Phe-Phe-Tyr(H2PO3)-OH	Organic nanomaterials	alkaline phosphatase	Photoacoustic imaging	[29]