Table 1.

Regulators of FGF23

Factor	Influence on FGF23
1,25(OH)2D3	↑ [9]
Acidosis	↑ [64]
Actin cytoskeleton	↑ [36]
Advanced glycation endproducts	↑ [7]
Aldosterone	↑ [84, 113]
AMPK	↓ [47]
Cadmium	↑ [62]
Calcineurin inhibitors	↓ [5]
Calciprotein	↑ [1]
Calcium	↑ [19]
cFGF23	Inhibits signaling [48]
DMP1	↓ [25, 73]
Endothelin-1	↓ [39]
ENPP1	↓ [54]
ERR-γ	↑ [87]
Erythropoietin	↑ [44]
FGFR1 signaling	↑ [107]
Glucocorticoids	↓ [40]
HIF1α	↑ [104, 116]
High-fat diet	↑ [46]
IL-1β	↑ [59, 81, 110]
IL-6β	↑ [24]
Insulin	↓ [4]
Insulin-like growth factor	↓ [4]
Iron	↓ [52]
Lactic acid	↑ [2]
Leptin	↑ [102]
Lipocalin 2	↑ [17]
Lithium	↑ [37, 114]
LPS	↑ [81]
Lysophosphatidic acid	↑ [95]
Myostatin	↑ [32]
NF-κB	↑ [2, 7, 33, 114, 115]
Nurr1	↑ [75]
p38MAPK	↑ [33]
PHEX	↓ [8, 111]
Phosphate	↑ [9, 55]
PKC	↑ [6]
Plasminogen activation	↓ [30]
PPARα	↓ [34]
Propranolol	↓ [35]
PTH	↑ [75, 81]
SOCE	↑ [34, 41, 47, 114, 115]
Sympathetic activity	↑ [35, 61]
TGF-β2	↑ [41]
TNFα	↑ [46, 81]
Vitamin A	↓ [88]