Table 4.

Laboratory parameters during different time points of investigation.

Parameter	HC Baseline	after HC	p-Value Baseline vs. after HC	LC Baseline	after LC	p-Value Baseline vs. after LC	Control 1 Baseline	after Control 1	p-Value Baseline vs. Control 1	Control 2 Baseline	after Control 2	p-Value Baseline vs. Control 2
BHB (mmol/L)	0.06 ± 0.05	0.05 ± 0.07	ns	0.04 ± 0.02	0.42 ± 0.27	<0.0001	0.09 ± 0.1	0.05 ± 0.02	ns	0.07 ± 0.07	0.05 ± 0.02	ns
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	189 ± 34	158 ± 27	0.02	187 ± 35	203 ± 60	ns	163 ± 26	154 ± 35	ns	159 ± 41	187 ± 43	ns
LDL-C (mg/dL)	98 ± 34	78 ± 23	0.02	94 ± 28	105 ± 51	ns	87 ± 27	77 ± 30	ns	85 ± 37	110 ± 41	ns
HDL-C (mg/dL)	77 ± 9	58 ± 9	<0.0001	77 ± 11	82 ± 16	ns	59 ± 11	56 ± 11	ns	58 ± 17	59 ± 11	ns
TG (mg/dL)	76 ± 38	104 ± 44	0.005	81 ± 26	80 ± 24	ns	86 ± 45	104 ± 45	ns	83 ± 31	96 ± 33	ns
CRP mg/dL)	1.3 ± 1.4	0.9 ± 0.4	ns	0.9 ± 0.8	0.8 ± 0.4	ns	1.4 ± 1.0	1.1 ± 0.7	ns	2.0 ± 1.7	1.9 ± 2.3	ns
IL-6 (mg/dL)	1.6 ± 0.2	1.7 ± 0.9	ns	1.7 ± 0.4	1.6 ± 0.2	ns	1.8 ± 0.4	1.9 ± 0.4	ns	1.9 ± 0.7	1.5 ± 0.1	ns

The p-values indicate significance according to the change when compared to baseline. Control 1 and 2 indicate the respective 3-week episodes of the control group. BHB = Betahydroxybutyrate; LDL = low-density-lipoprotein; HDL = high-density-lipoprotein; CRP = C-reactive protein; IL-6 = Interleukin-6; TG = triglycerides.