TRV2-mediated expression of DsRed. (a) Detection of the viral CP-DsRed transcripts by RT-PCR in cannabis line MF-219 2 weeks after inoculation with pTRV2-DsRed or mock inoculated plants and on pTRV2-DsRes plasmid as a positive control. UBQ5 was used as a control gene. Nicotiana benthamiana (b,c) and cannabis (f,i,l,o) inoculated with pTRV2-DsRed by syringe infiltration or by vacuum infiltration (g,j,m,p). pTRV2-inoculated Nicotiana benthamiana (d,e) and cannabis (h,k) were used as controls in addition to mock-inoculated cannabis (n,q). The images were taken using a fluorescence stereomicroscope using red (c,e,i–k,o–q) and bright field (b,d,f–h,l–n) channels. The insets in (i,m) are the same images taken in the GFP channel (scale bar = 1 mm).