ABC = Adenosine triphosphate binding cassette

ABCG2 = ABC transporter subfamily G member 2

ALL = acute lymphocytic leukemia

AML = acute myeloid leukemia

AMPs = Antimicrobial peptides

AMR = Antimicrobial resistance

AuNPs = Gold nanoparticles

BRIs = Biofilm-related infections

BCRP = Breast cancer resistance protein

CF = Cystic fibrosis

CLL = Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

COVID-19 = Coronavirus Disease 2019

CRE = Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

DLBCL = Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

DOTS = Directly observed therapy short-course

HCV = Hepatitis C virus

HGT = Horizontal gene transfer

HIV = Human immunodeficiency virus

ICU = Intensive care unit

LPS = Lipopolysaccharide

MDR-E = Multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales

MDR = Multidrug resistance

MDR-TB = Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

MFS = major facilitator superfamily

MRP = Multidrug resistance-associated protein

NBD = nucleotide-binding domain

OprM = Outer membrane porin M

PDR-Kp = Pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

PEG = polyethylene glycol

P-gp = P-glycoprotein

PPI = protein–protein interaction

ROS = Reactive oxidative species

SOT = Solid-organ transplantation

TMD = Transmembrane domain

WHO = World Health Organization