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. 2022 Jan 22;14(3):484. doi: 10.3390/nu14030484

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cellular uptake of thiamine. THTR1 carrier (encoded by SLC19A2 gene); THTR2 carrier (encoded by SLC19A3 gene); OCT1-3, organic cation-transporters 1–3; RFC-1, reduced folate carrier (encoded by SLC19A1 gene); TPC, thiamine pyrophosphate carrier (encoded by SLC25A19 gene); T, thiamine; TPP, thiamine pyrophosphate; TMP, thiamine monophosphate; TPK1, thiamine phosphokinase; BCKDH, branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase; α-KGDH, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; HACL1, 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1.