Table 2.
Antimicrobial activity of CEO.
| Microorganism | Zone Inhibition (mm) | Activity of EO | MIC 50 (µL/mL) | MIC 90 (µL/mL) | ATB (30 µg/disc) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-positive bacteria | |||||
| Bacillus subtilis | 17.33 ± 0.01 | *** | 12.23 | 35.41 | 27.00 ± 0.05 |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 18.65 ± 0.20 | *** | 23.38 | 284.56 | 29.00 ± 0.08 |
| Micrococcus luteus | 21.36 ± 1.11 | *** | 7.46 | 8.99 | 30.00 ± 0.02 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 15.23 ± 0.01 | *** | 12.15 | 24.33 | 28.00 ± 0.06 |
| Gram-negative bacteria | |||||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 15.78 ± 0.67 | *** | 15.36 | 23.38 | 28.00 ± 0.08 |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens | 11.22 ± 0.83 | ** | 21.18 | 35.16 | 28.00 ± 0.06 |
| Salmonella enterica | 9.86 ± 0.30 | * | 18.48 | 24.25 | 27.00 ± 0.09 |
| Serratia marcescens | 8.27 ± 1.51 | * | 21.43 | 32.36 | 30.00 ± 0.04 |
| Psuedomonas fluorescens biofilm | 7.29 ± 1.26 | * | 31.82 | 52.44 | 27.00 ± 0.01 |
| Salmonella enterica biofilm | 9.36 ± 0.57 | * | 24.67 | 41.52 | 27.00 ± 0.02 |
| Yeasts | |||||
| Candida albicans | 10.12 ± 1.00 | ** | 17.32 | 22.62 | 28.00 ± 0.06 |
| Candida glabrata | 10.44 ± 0.88 | ** | 18.64 | 24.54 | 27.00 ± 0.05 |
| Candida krusei | 13.67 ± 0.25 | ** | 9.46 | 12.53 | 26.00 ± 0.03 |
| Candida tropicalis | 12.36 ± 0.20 | ** | 24.12 | 28.26 | 27.00 ± 0.08 |
| Fungi | |||||
| Penicillium aurantiogriseum | 5.44 ± 0.15 | * | 23.45 | 28.65 | 27.00 ± 0.06 |
| Penicillium expansum | 7.22 ± 0.55 | * | 22.15 | 26.35 | 26.00 ± 0.09 |
| Penicillium chrysogenum | 8.32 ± 0.20 | * | 28.48 | 32.16 | 28.00 ± 0.08 |
| Penicillium italicum | 7.36 ± 0.05 | * | 25.35 | 31.85 | 29.00 ± 0.09 |
Means ± SD, n = 3; * weak antimicrobial activity (zone 5–10 mm); ** moderate inhibitory activity (zone > 10 mm); *** very strong inhibitory activity (zone > 15 mm); ATB—antibiotics; positive control (cefoxitin for G−, gentamicin for G+, fluconazole for yeast and fungi).