Table 3.

Limitations of Bilinear Pairing based Signcryption Schemes presented for securing WBANs.

Authors and Ref. No.	Publication Year	Limitations
Wang and Liu [69]	2015	Fails to address the key escrow issue High computing power consumption and increased nature of communication bandwidth due to bilinear pairing
Li and Hong [70]	2016	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Mutaz et al. [71]	2018	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Affected by certificate related issues such as certificate distributions, certificate revocation, and certificate administration Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Lu et al. [72]	2018	The scheme may experience issues with private key distribution and key escrow due to the use of the PKG principle Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Li et al. [73]	2018	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Prameela and Ponmuthuramalingam [74]	2018	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Use bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Anyembe et al. [75]	2018	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Affected by certificate related issues such as certificate distributions, certificate revocation, and certificate administration Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Iqbal et al. [76]	2019	Affected by a partial distribution of private keys Affected by certificate related issues such as certificate distributions, certificate revocation, and certificate administration Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation
Hu et al. [77]	2021	Affected from key escrow problem of identity-based cryptography Affected by certificate related issues such as certificate distributions, certificate revocation, and certificate administration Utilize bilinear pairing for security hardness which is a computationally intensive operation