Table 5.

FFF application areas and specific uses.

Sector	Specific Use	Ref.
Automotive	prototypes, research and development, molds, racing cars, tools, components of cars	[80,91,122,131]
Aerospace	prototypes, research and development, computational fluid dynamics, micro-frames or interior aircraft components, repair parts, unmanned aerial vehicles, electronic element integration components	[50,63,123,124]
Biomedical	prototypes, research and development, microdevices, surgical tools, medical device, personal protective equipment, face masks, prostheses, implants, tissue engineering, scaffolds and bio-ink, reconstruction of anatomical parts, transdermal patches, drug delivery system, valves, ventilator devices	[15,16,17,18,19,20,34,50,86,125,126,127]
Textile and fashion	prototypes, research and development, fabrics, clothes, shoes, jewelry, accessories, ornaments	[50,128,129,131]
Architectural	prototypes, research and development, buildings, building components	[50,118,119,130]