3Ca3(PO4)2Ca(OH)2	hydroxyapatitepurum
3D	three-dimensional
ADM	autologous tooth-derived graft material
Alb-CGF	autologous albumin gel and concentrated growth factor
Alb-PRF	autologous albumin gel and platelet-rich fibrin
ALP	alkalin phosphatase
Ang4	angiogenin-4
APAG	activated plasma albumin gel
APDDM	autogenous partially demineralized dentin matrix
A-PRF	advanced platelet-rich fibrin
AT	adipose tissue
ATP	adenosine triphosphate
AT-SCs	adipose tissue-stem cells
BCP	biphasic calcium phosphate
bFGF	basic fibroblast growth factor
BHA	bone hydroxyapatite
BM	bone marrow
BMA	bone marrow aspirate
BMPs	bone morphogenetic proteins
BM-SCs	bone marrow-stem cells
BRONJ	bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Ca	calcium
Ca2+	calcium ion
Ca2P2O7	calcium pyrophosphate
Ca(OH)2	calcium hydroxide
CBB	compact bio-bone
CD34	encoded gene in human and other species
CG	control group
CGF®	concentrated growth factor
CNS	central nervous system
CO3(2−)	carbonate ion
CS	calcium sulphate
DBB	deproteinized bovine bone
DC	dendritic cells
DDM	demineralized dentin matrix
DMP	gene protein coding (dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein)
E2	estradiol
EGF	epidermal growth factor
EGFR/Akt/PI3K	epidermal growth factor receptor/protein kinase B/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
EMD	enamel matrix protein derived
ENS	enteric nervous system
FA	amniotic fluid
FA-MSCs	amniotic fluid-stem cells
fMWCNT	functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube
GBR	guided bone regeneration
GCT 30	gelatin-chitosan-β-TCP 30%
GF	germ free
GF	growth factor
HA	hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)
Ha	hyaluronic acid
HA/TCP	combination of hydroxyapatite with tricalcium phosphate
HL-BCB	vertical measurements from buccal cortical bone
hMSC	human mesenchymal stem cells
IFN	interferon
IFNγ	interferon gamma
IGF	insulin-like growth factor
IGFBP3	insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3
IL-1	interleukin-1
ITAM	immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif
LED	light-emitting diode
LLLT	low-level laser therapy
L-PRF	leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin
MCS	mesenchymal stem cell
MDM	mineralized dentin matrix
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
MRONJ	medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
MSFE	maxillary sinus floor elevation
Na+	sodium ion
NHA	nano-hydroxyapatite
NK	natural killer
Oct4	octamer-blinding transcription factor 4
ONC	osteocalcin
OPG	osteoprotegerin
P	phosphorus
PB	peripheral blood
PBM	photobiomodulation
PB-SCs	peripheral-blood stem cells
PCBM	particulate cancellous bone and marrow
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PDGF-BB	platelet-derived growth factor-BB
Pl	placenta
PLGA	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
Pl-SCs	placenta-stem cells
PPP	platelet-poor plasma
PRF®	platelet-rich fibrin
PRP®	platelet-rich plasma
R.P.M	revolution per minute
RANK	receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B
RANKL	receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand
RBC	red blood cells
rhBMP/Bio-Oss®	bovine bone as a carrier of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein
RT PCR	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
SCFA	short chain fatty acids
SCs	stem cells
SEM	scanning electron microscope
SFM	serum-free media
Sox2	sry-box-containing gene 2
SRP	scaling and root planing
SSEA-3	stage-specific embryonic antigen 3
T α/β + e γ/δ +	cell population
T1	tested group 1
TCP	tricalcium phosphate
TG	test group
TGF	transforming growth factor
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor-beta1
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
TT®	tooth transformer
UCB	umbilical cord blood
UCB-SCs	umbilical cord blood
VDR	vitamin D receptor
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VL	vertical line, tooth’s axis
VL-BCB	horizontal measurements from buccal cortical bone
WALT	world association for laser therapy
α-TCP	alfa-tricalcium phosphate
β-TCP	beta-tricalcium phosphate
β-TGF	beta-transforming factor