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. 2022 Jan 29;14(3):597. doi: 10.3390/nu14030597

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Biosynthesis of the main compounds (crocetin, crocins, picrocrocin, safranal) of saffron from zeaxanthin; (a) oxidative cleavage; (b) enzymatic modification in saffron; (c) different steps of safranal synthesis (Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur, Université de Bourgogne).