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. 2022 Jan 27;14(3):558. doi: 10.3390/nu14030558

Table 2.

Nutritional composition of quinoa plant parts and C. album leaves. Numbers in parenthesis refer to citations from which the nutrients data for quinoa plant parts and C. album were obtained.

Nutrients Quinoa Plant Parts C. album Leaves
Leaves Sprouts Grains
Proximate composition
Crude protein% 28.2–37.0 [10,12] 6.1–12.3 [30,39] 9.1–15.7 [40] 28.7 [13]
Crude fat% 2.4–4.5 [10,12] 0.1–3.8 [30,39] 4.0–7.6 [40] 4.4 [13]
Crude fiber% 6.9–7.8 [10,12] 4.6–23.5 [30,39] 7.0–14.1 [40,41] 0.1 [13]
Carbohydrate% 34.0 [12] 9.6–73.0 [30,39] 48.5–69.8 [40] 40.8 [13]
Ash% 2.1–20.0 [10,12] 0.9–3.4 [30,39] 2.0–7.7 [40] 21.0 [13]
Energy (kcal) 325 [12] 69 [39] 331–381 [40] 317.8 [13]
Essential amino acids (g 100 g−1 DW)
Histidine (His) 0.7 [12] 0.7 [29] 1.4–5.4 [40] 0.4 [42]
Isoleucine (Ile) 1.6 [12] 1.1 [29] 0.8–7.4 [40] 0.5 [42]
Leucine (Leu) 2.7 [12] 2.0 [29] 2.3–9.4 [40] 1.3 [42]
Lysine (Lys) 1.9 [12] 1.3 [29] 2.4–7.5 [40] 1.8 [42]
Methionine (Met) 0.6 [12] 0.2 [29] 0.3–9.1 [40] 0.2 [42]
Phenylalanine (Phe) 1.8 [12] 1.2 [29] 0.1–2.7 [40] 0.9 [42]
Threonine (Thr) 1.5 [12] 1.0 [29] 2.1–8.9 [40] 0.8 [42]
Tryptophan (Trp) 1.2 [12] NA 0.6–1.9 [40] NA
Valine (Val) 1.8 [12] 1.3 [29] 0.8–6.1 [40] 0.7 [42]
Minerals (mg 100 g−1 DW)
Calcium (Ca) 147.0–1535.0 [10,12] 21.7 [29] 27.5–148.7 [40] 1438.9 [13]
Copper (Cu) 1.0–1.1 [10,12] 0.2 [29] 1.0–9.5 [40] 1.1 [13]
Iron (Fe) 11.6–148.0 [10,12] NA 1.4–16.7 [40] 15.2 [13]
Magnesium (Mg) 14.0–902.0 [12,43] 219.3 [29] 26.0–502.0 [40] 1301.1 [13]
Phosphorus (P) 39.0–405.6 [12,43] NA 140.0–530.0 [40] 419.7 [13]
Potassium (K) 474.0–8769.0 [12,43] 525.2 [29] 696.7–1475.0 [40] 8125.2 [13]
Sodium (Na) 3.0–15.1 [10,12] NA 11.0–31.0 [40] 573.9 [13]
Zinc (Zn) 3.3–6.8 [10,12] NA 2.8–4.8 [40] 4.8 [13]

DW: dry weight; NA, not available.