Table 1.

Mechanical properties of typical fibers.

Fiber Type	Fiber Name	Density/ (g cm−3)	Tensile Strength/MPa	Specific Strength/(S ρ−1)	Tensile Modulus/GPa	Specific Modulus/(E ρ−1)	Elongation at Break/%	Ref.
Bast	Flax	1.5	800–1500	535–1000	27.6–80	18.4–53	1.2–3.2	[37]
	Hemp	1.48	550–900	372–608	70	47.3	2–4	[38]
	Jute	1.46	393–800	269–548	10–30	6.85–20.6	1.5–1.8	[39]
	Kenaf	1.45	930	641	53	36.55	1. 6	[40]
	Ramie	1.5	220–938	147–625	44–128	29.3–85	2–3.8	[41]
Leaf	Abaca	1.5	400	267	12	8	3–10	[42]
	Sisal	1.45	530–640	366–441	9.4–22	6.5–15.2	3–7	[41]
	Banana Leaf	1.35	600	444	17.85	13.2	3.36	[41]
	Coconut leaf	1.15	500	435	2. 5	2.17	20	[43]
Seed	cotton	1.6	287–597	179–373	5.5–12.6	3.44–7.9	7–8	[43]
Grass	bamboo	1.1	500	454	35.91	32.6	1.4	[43]
Fruit	Coconut shell	1.2	175	146	4–6	3.3–5	30	[41]
Wood	Soft wood	1.5	1000	667	40	26.67	4.4	[43]