Table 3.

Models performance metrics statistics.

Model	Class	Precision (%)	Recall without Airflow (%)	F1 (%)	mAP@.5 (%)	mAP@[.5:.95] (%)	Parameters (MB)	Inference (ms)
YOLOV3-tiny	All	91.6	99.6	95.1	95.4	59.9	17.4	1.3
	Construction machinery	98.2	99.0	98.6	99.4	58.1
	Manual excavation	99.0	99.2	99.1	99.6	58.1
	Walking	99.4	100.0	99.7	99.5	75.2
	Climbing fence	99.5	100.0	99.7	99.6	69.4
	Airflow	62.0	95.7	75.2	78.8	38.9
YOLOV3	All	98.6	99.7	99.1	99.4	68.3	123.5	6.2
	Construction machinery	97.2	99.0	98.1	99.3	62.8
	Manual excavation	98.9	99.6	99.2	99.6	58.5
	Walking	99.4	100.0	99.7	99.5	81.4
	Climbing fence	99.3	100.0	99.6	99.5	71.1
	Airflow	98.2	100.0	99.1	99.2	67.4
YOLO-RP	All	96.7	99.7	98.0	98.8	68.6	20	1.8
	Construction machinery	97.8	99.0	98.4	99.5	64.0
	Manual excavation	100.0	99.8	99.9	99.6	59.8
	Walking	99.4	100.0	99.7	99.5	82.3
	Climbing fence	99.9	100.0	99.9	99.6	73.2
	Airflow	86.4	98.1	91.9	95.8	63.5
YOLO-RCP	All	97.0	99.8	98.1	98.9	68.2	17.8	1.7
	Construction machinery	97.6	99.4	98.5	99.5	63.5
	Manual excavation	99.6	99.8	99.7	99.5	60.5
	Walking	99.4	100.0	99.7	99.5	82.2
	Climbing fence	98.8	100.0	99.4	99.5	71.7
	Airflow	89.7	96.9	93.2	96.1	63.3
YOLO-A30	All	99.2	99.8	99.2	99.5	69.3	14.4	1.8
	Construction machinery	98.8	99.4	99.1	99.5	62.5
	Manual excavation	99.5	99.6	99.5	99.4	59.3
	Walking	99.6	100.0	99.8	99.5	83.5
	Climbing fence	99.6	100.0	99.8	99.6	71.7
	Airflow	98.7	96.9	97.8	99.4	69.6
YOLO-A78	All	98.8	99.7	99.1	99.5	69.4	16.4	2.3
	Construction machinery	98.6	99.7	99.1	99.6	61.6
	Manual excavation	99.0	99.2	99.1	99.5	59.6
	Walking	99.5	100.0	99.7	99.5	82.3
	Climbing fence	99.5	100.0	99.7	99.5	73.4
	Airflow	97.6	98.8	98.2	99.2	70.2

The key performance metrics with the best results are highlighted.