Table 4.
Multivariate binary logistic regression1: factors associated with malaria awareness among rural adults in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
| Variables | Ethnic groups |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sumba | Atoni | Manggarai | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Women | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Men | 1.16 (0.74, 1.79) | 1.62 (0.65, 4.00) | 0.76 (0.47, 1.25) | |
| Age (y) | ||||
| <30 | 1.01 (0.41, 2.47) | 0.46 (0.17, 1.20) | 1.26 (0.54, 2.93) | |
| 30-39 | 1.80 (0.85, 3.81) | 0.58 (0.25, 1.39) | 2.40 (1.21, 4.79) | |
| 40-49 | 2.12 (1.01, 4.46) | 0.58 (0.26, 1.27) | 3.33 (1.59, 6.97) | |
| 50-59 | 1.84 (0.79, 4.25) | 0.49 (0.23, 1.04) | 1.49 (0.73, 3.04) | |
| ≥60 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Level of education | ||||
| No education | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Primary school | 1.72 (1.03, 2.86) | 0.60 (0.32, 1.13) | 2.86 (0.83, 9.85) | |
| Secondary school | 3.79 (1.95, 7.39) | 1.88 (0.91, 3.87) | 5.40 (1.47, 19.9) | |
| Diploma or above | 6.94 (1.81, 26.6) | 2.99 (0.58, 15.31) | 21.4 (3.59, 127.7) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Housewife | - | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Farmer | - | 0.70 (0.27, 1.83) | 2.59 (1.37, 4.89) | |
| Entrepreneur | - | 1.45 (0.07, 31.3) | 0.37 (0.09, 1.48) | |
| Other | - | 1.87 (0.54, 6.43) | 0.62 (0.09, 4.47) | |
| Governmental or non-governmental employment | - | 1.43 (0.46, 4.48) | 0.50 (0.14, 1.75) | |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Poor | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | - | |
| Average | 1.23 (0.75, 2.03) | 5.70 (2.75, 11.8) | - | |
| Rich | 1.39 (0.61, 3.16) | 24.48 (8.79, 68.21) | - | |
| Household income in relation to the PMW | ||||
| <PMW | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| ≥PMW | 2.86 (1.05, 7.80) | 0.37 (0.12, 1.12) | 2.24 (0.98, 5.15) | |
| Distance to the nearest health facilities (km) | ||||
| <1 | - | 0.78 (0.26, 2.32) | 4.18 (2.28, 7.68) | |
| 1-2 | - | 1.57 (0.51, 4.82) | 2.84 (1.64, 4.92) | |
| 2-3 | - | 1.79 (0.51, 6.24) | 2.46 (1.30, 4.65) | |
| ≥3 | - | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| The nearest health service | ||||
| Village health post | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | - | |
| Village maternity post | 4.95 (1.54, 15.9) | 2.41 (1.25, 4.64) | - | |
| Subsidiary PHC | 2.18 (0.69, 6.90) | 6.70 (2.66, 16.9) | - | |
| PHC | 4.72 (1.46, 15.2) | 3.58 (1.64, 7.82) | - | |
Values are presented as adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval).
PMW, provincial minimum wage (in 2019: Indonesian rupiah 1 795 000 monthly); PHC, public health centre.
1
Adjusted odds ratios for all variables in the model.