Table 2.

Overview of Preclinical Studies on Pediatric MRT

Inhibitors Group	Target	Preclinical Studies	References
Epigenetic Inhibitors	Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi)	Vorinostat (SAHA), valproic acid, domatinostat, OBP-801	[41,73,76-78,81,82]
	DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMT)	5-AZA-2′-deoxycytidine (decitabine)	[41]
	EZH2	3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), tazemetostat, EPZ011989	[41,87–89]
	Bromo/BET	JQ1	[29]
	BRD9	BI-9564, I-BRD9	[68]
Cell Cycle Inhibitors	CDK4/6 Cyclin D1 inhibitor	Flavopiridol, Palbociclib	[93,94]
Kinase Inhibitors	AKT	MK-2206	[42]
	ALK, TGFbeta	SB431542	[43]
	Aurora A kinase inhibitor	Alisertib	[96,97]
	IGF-1R	NVP-AEW451	[42]
	MEK inhibitor	Selumetinib, binimetinib	[44,45]
	mTORC1/2	TAK228 (sapanisertib)	[46]
	Multikinase inhibitor	Dasatinib, imatinib, crizotinib, kw-2449, r-1530, nilotinib	[22,47,48]
	PDGFR/FGFR	Ponatinib, pazopanib	[123,124]
	EGFR/HER2	Lapatinib	[49]
	PLK1	Volasertib	[50]
	PLK4	CFI-400945, CFI-400437, centrinone, centrinone-B	[48,51,52]
	PTK7	Vatalanib	[53]
	VEGF	Axitinib, pazopanib	[48,54,123]
Pathway Specific Compounds	BMP	Dorsomorphin	[22]
	Notch	DAPT	[22]
	Wnt/beta-catenin inhibitor	Casin, niclosamide, pyrvinium, WNT-c59	[55]
	Oncolytic virus	Measles virus (MV)	[56]
Immunotherapy	CAR-T-cell	Chimeric CAR-T-cell receptor	[120,122]
	PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitor	Atezolizumab, Nivolumab	[111]
Other	ALDH inhibitor	Disulfiram	[57]
	LOX inhibitor	BAPN	[58]
	Exosome release inhibitor	GW4869	[59]
	MDM2, MDM4, MDMX	Idasanutlin, ATSP-7041	[60]
	Proteasome inhibitor	Bortezomid, carfilzomib, marizomib	[61–63]
	Protein translation inhibitor	Homoharringtonine	[64]
	Forkhead box transcription factor 1 inhibitor (FOXM1)	Thiostrepton	[65]
	Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1)	Alkylating conjugated pyrrole-imidazole (PI)	[66]
	Phospholipid ethers inhibitor (PLEs)	CLR 131	[67]