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. 2022 Jan 31;9:803370. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.803370

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Copyright © 2022 Howard, Nguyen, Tworig, Ravisankar, Singleton, Li, Kotzur, Waxman and Uribe.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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NCC sensitivity to increased Hoxb5b activity is restricted to earlier stages of development. (A) Schematized model of when heat shocks occurred relative to standard stages of NCC development in zebrafish. (B–H) Whole mount immunolabeled hsp70l:GFP-hoxb5b ⁺ embryos and their GFP- sibling controls (HS14: n = 6, HS21: n = 6, HS48: n = 12) using an antibody against Elavl3/4. hsp70l:GFP-hoxb5b ⁺ embryos heat shocked either at 14 hpf (n = 11) or 21 hpf (n = 10) both exhibited fewer differentiating enteric neurons than controls, but not embryos heat shocked at 48 hpf (n = 14). Numbers of enteric neurons are quantified in (H, HS14: p = 0.000232; HS21: p = 0.001684; HS48: p = 0.5813). Scale Bar (B): 100 μm.