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. 2022 Jan;11(1):134–147. doi: 10.21037/tcr-21-1577

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2022 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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IHC staining of breast cancer spheroids reveals the distribution of fibroblasts and epithelial cells within the spheroids. (A) Three tumor spheroid replicates and the original tissue from one patient sample (patient ID #31) were stained by IHC for epithelial (panCK) and fibroblast (vimentin). (B) Histogram analysis of panCK quantification shows that the majority of spheroids contains around 40–45% epithelial cells (n=18). (C) Three tumor spheroid replicates and HDF-only spheroids were stained by IHC for Ki-67. Positive Ki-67 staining is only observed in the tumor spheroids. Scale bar: 100 µm. IHC, immunohistochemistry; panCK, pan cytokeratin; HDF, human dermal fibroblasts.