Table 1.
Characteristics of included populations.
| Population | Country | Report | Design | Cancer | Stage | Regimen | Setting | n | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allison (2021) | UK | CA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | NS | 1L | 69 | 3 |
| Antonia (2014) | USA | CA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | (N1I3 q3w or N3I1) x4 | 1L | 46 | 4 |
| Baas et al. 3 | Netherlands | FA | P3 | MPM | unresectable | N3 q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 300 | 5 |
| Barlesi (2019 A) | France | CA | P3b/4 | NSCLC | advanced | N240 q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 391 | 5 |
| Barlesi (2019 A1) | France | CA | P3b/4 | NSCLC | advanced | N240 q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 198 | 5 |
| Blank (2018) | Netherlands | Letter | P1b, RCT | Melanoma | stage III | N1I3 q3w x4 | Adj | 10 | 5 |
| Cascone (2021) | USA | FA | P2, RCT | NSCLC | operable | N3 q2w x3 + I1 once | NeoAdj | 21 | 5 |
| Chen (2021) | China | FA | Retrospective | Soft tissue sarcomas | metastatic | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 74 | 3 |
| Cocorocchio (2020) | Italy | CA | P2, 1-arm | Melanoma | locally advanced or oligometastatic | N3I1 q3w neoadj x4 | NeoAdj | 21 | 4 |
| Constantinou (2021) | USA | FA | Interventional | Melanoma | high risk resected, IIc-IV | N3 q2w x12 + I1 q6w x4 | Adj | 21 | 4 |
| Desai (2020) | USA | CA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | NS | 1L | 46 | 3 |
| Haanen (2017) | USA | CA | P1 | Melanoma | brain metastasis | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 10 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2015 arm1) | USA | CA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N1I1 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 31 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2015 arm2) | USA | CA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N1 q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 40 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2015 arm3) | USA | CA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N3 q2w + I1 q12w | 1L | 38 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2015 arm4) | USA | CA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N3 q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 39 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2017 q12w) | USA | FA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N3 q2w I1 q12w | 1L | 38 | 4 |
| Hellmann (2017 q6w) | USA | FA | P1 | NSCLC | advanced | N3 q2w I1 q6w | 1L | 39 | 4 |
| Hellmann et al. 5 | USA | FA | P3 | NSCLC | advanced | N3 q2w I1 q6w | 1L | 576 | 5 |
| Kaseb (2020) | USA | CA | P2, RCT | HCC | resectable | N240I1 q2w x3 NeoAdj > N240I1 q6w x4 Adj |
NeoAdj Adj | 14 | 5 |
| Khushalani et al. 21 | USA | CA | interventional | Melanoma | stage IIIb/IV | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | Adj | 20 | 4 |
| Khushalani et al. 21 | USA | CA | interventional | Melanoma | stage IIIb/IV | N3I1 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | Adj | 20 | 4 |
| Kido (2021) | Japan | FA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | N3I1 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 52 | 3 |
| Larkin (2015) | USA | FA | P3 | Melanoma | advanced | N1I3 q3w x4 | 1L | 313 | 6 |
| Lebbé et al. 16 N1I3 | France | FA | P3b/4 | Melanoma | metastatic | N1I3 q3w x4 > N480 q4w | 1L | 178 | 5 |
| Lebbé et al. 16 N3I1 | France | FA | P3b/4 | Melanoma | metastatic | N3I1 q3w x4 > N480 q4w | 1L | 180 | 5 |
| Lenz (2018) | USA | CA | P2 non-RCT | Colorectal | metastatic | N3q2w + I1 q6w | 1L | 45 | 5 |
| Ma (2021) | USA | FA | Retrospective | Melanoma | advanced | N1I3 q3w x4 > N (3 regimens) | 1L | 110 | 3 |
| Meerveld-Eggink (2020) | Netherlands | CA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | NS | 1L | 52 | 3 |
| Motzer (2018) | USA | FA | P3 | RCC | advanced | N3I1 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 547 | 5 |
| Namikawa (2020) | Japan | FA | 1-arm P2 | Melanoma | stage III, IV, Rec | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 30 | 4 |
| Oberoi (2019) | Spain | CA | Retrospective | Melanoma | metastatic | NS | 1L | 42 | 3 |
| Piulats (2021) | Spain | FA | Single-arm P2 | Melanoma, uveal | metastatic | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 52 | 4 |
| Postow (2015) | USA | FA | P2 RCT | Melanoma | metastatic | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3 q2w | 1L | 94 | 6 |
| Rauwerdink (2020) | USA | CA | Retrospective | Melanoma | metastatic | NS | 1L | 57 | 3 |
| Ready (2019) | USA | FA | P2, 1-arm | NSCLC | stage IIIb, IV | N3 q2w I1 q6w | 1L | 288 | 4 |
| Reddy (2017) | USA | CA | RCT | Melanoma | advanced | N1I3 q3w x3 | NeoAdj | 23 | 5 |
| Reuss (2020) | USA | FA | 1-arm phase 1b/2 | NSCLC | stage Ib-IIIa | N3I1 x1 + N3 q2w x2 | NeoAdj | 9 | 4 |
| Rozeman et al. 9 | Netherlands | FA | P2 RCT | Melanoma | stage III | N1I3 q3w x2 | NeoAdj | 30 | 6 |
| Rozeman et al. 9 | Netherlands | FA | P2 RCT | Melanoma | stage III | N3I1 q3w x2 | NeoAdj | 30 | 5 |
| Schoenfeld (2020) | USA | FA | P2 RCT | Oral Cavity | stage II | N3 q2w x2 + I1 once | NeoAdj | 15 | 5 |
| Schwarze (2019) | Belgium | CA | P2, 2-arm | melanoma | resectable | N10 q2w x4 + I50 x1 | Adj | 34 | 5 |
| Tachibana (2021) | Japan | FA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | NS | 1L | 30 | 3 |
| Tanaka (2020) | Japan | FA | Retrospective | RCC | metastatic | NI q3w x4 > N q2w | 1L | 52 | 3 |
| Tawbi (2018) | USA | FA | P2 single-arm | melanoma | metastatic | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3q2w | 1L | 94 | 4 |
| Tykodi (2021) | USA | CA | P4 | RCC | advanced/metastatic | N3I1 q3w x4 > N480 q4w | 1L | 52 | 4 |
| Zeijl (2019) | Natherlands | CA | Retrospective | melanoma | advanced | NS | 1L | 151 | 3 |
| Zimmer (2020) | Germany | FA | P2 RCT | melanoma | resectable | N1I3 q3w x4 > N3q2w | Adj | 55 | 6 |
Barlesi 2019 A cohort recruited patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1. Barlesi 2019 A1 cohort recruited those with performance status 0-1 who had brain metastasis, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, or HIV infection and those with performance status of 2. Adj, adjuvant therapy; CA, conference abstract; FA, full article; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; I1, ipilimumab 1 mg/kg; I3, ipilimumab 3 mg/kg; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; n, number of patients; NeoAdj, neo-adjuvant therapy; NOS, score of The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for Cohort Studies wherein higher score means better quality; NS, not specified; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; N1, nivolumab 1 mg/kg; N3, nivolumab 3 mg/kg; N240, nivolumab 240 mg/body; P1-4, phase 1-4, we judged trial phase of each study as it was stated by the authors of original studies; q2-6w, every 2–6 weeks; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; RCT, randomized controlled trial; x2-4, administrated total 2–4 times; 1 L, first line; >, then.
Detailed information of referred articles are provided in the Supplementary File.