T cell subset frequencies measured by flow cytometry in BCG-vaccinated or unvaccinated infants or before and after BCG revaccination in adults. Peripheral blood frequencies and standardized BCG effect sizes for (a) MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer+ MAIT cells, (b) CD1d-PBS57 tetramer+ NKT cells, (c) CD1b-GMM tetramer+T cells, (d) CD1b-GMM tetramer+ CD4+TRAV1–2+ GEM cells, (e) γδ T cells and (f) “conventional” CD4+ T cells in individual infants (blue colors) or adults before (yellow) or 35 days after (red) BCG re-vaccination. (g) Peripheral blood frequencies of BCG-reactive “conventional” CD4 T cells expressing IFN-γ in individual infants (blue colors) or adults (yellow and red). For frequency plots, the black dots represent the estimated median while error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. For standardized effect size plots, black dots represent the standardized estimated difference in medians between infants who were vaccinated with BCG and those who were not, or in adults between the pre- and post- BCG revaccination time-points. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Q-values are Bonferroni-adjusted p-values, with q < 0.05 considered statistically significant.