TABLE 2.

24‐hour urinary copper test diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using 95% CI)

Author (Year)	Threshold	Sensitivity vs. Specificity (95% CI)	PPV vs. NPV (95% CI)
Nicastro et al. (2010) 11	0.64 μmol/24 h	78.9% (CI: 62.7–90.5) vs. 87.9% (CI: 76.7.1–95)	81.1% (CI: 67.7–89.7) vs. 86.4% (CI: 77.4–92.2)
Nicastro et al. (2010a) 11	1.6 μmol/24 h	65.8% (CI: 48.7–80.4) vs. 98.3 (CI: 90.8–100)	96.2 (CI: 77.9–99.4) vs. 81.4 (CI: 73.8–87.2)
Lu et al. (2010) 16	1.6 μmol/24 h	50% (CI: 29.9–70.1) vs. 97.1% (CI: 89.8–99.6)	86.7% (CI: 61.1–96.4) vs. 83.5% (CI: 77.5–88.2)
Sezer et al. (2014) 12	1.6 μmol/24 h	80% (CI: 63.1–91.6) vs. 75.6% (CI: 59.7–87.6)	73.7% (CI: 61.4–83.1) vs. 81.6% (CI: 69.1–86.4)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.