Table 1.
Baseline demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics.
| Variables | All (n = 104) | Without hematoma expansion (n = 87) | With hematoma expansion (n = 17) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variables | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 68.23 (15.02) | 67.39 (15.54) | 72.53 (11.43) | 0.20 |
| Male, n (%) | 59 (56.7) | 52 (59.8) | 7 (41.2) | 0.19 |
| Clinical variables | ||||
| OTT, median (IQR), hours | 3.00 [2.00, 4.00] | 3.00 [2.04, 4.00] | 4.00 [2.00, 4.00] | 0.77 |
| Time to HT detection, median (IQR), days | 1.51 [1.09, 4.86] | 1.74 [1.12, 4.63] | 1.14 [0.98, 6.67] | 0.38 |
| Length of stay, median (IQR), days | 15.00 [9.00, 25.00] | 15.00 [10.00, 25.00] | 14.00 [4.00, 19.00] | 0.17 |
| NIHSS score on admission, median (IQR) | 16.00 [12.00, 20.00] | 16.00 [12.00, 19.00] | 18.00 [16.00, 22.00] | 0.06 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 142.07 (25.69) | 142.63 (25.10) | 139.18 (29.17) | 0.61 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 81.71 (15.13) | 82.83 (15.39) | 76.00 (12.66) | 0.09 |
| Glucose on admission, mean (SD) | 8.14 (2.19) | 8.20 (2.27) | 7.79 (1.76) | 0.48 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 59 (56.7) | 49 (56.3) | 10 (58.8) | 0.85 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 25 (24.0) | 19 (21.8) | 6 (35.3) | 0.23 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 4 (3.8) | 4 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.37 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 49 (47.1) | 39 (44.8) | 10 (58.8) | 0.30 |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 11 (10.6) | 10 (11.5) | 1 (5.9) | 0.69 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 35 (33.7) | 32 (36.8) | 3 (17.6) | 0.17 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 27 (26.0) | 23 (26.4) | 4 (23.5) | 0.80 |
| Previous antiplatelets, n (%) | 5 (4.8) | 5 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.59 |
| Previous anticoagulation, n (%) | 8 (7.7) | 6 (6.9) | 2 (11.8) | 0.61 |
| Cardioembolic stroke, n (%) | 58 (55.8) | 48 (55.2) | 10 (58.8) | 0.78 |
| Imaging variables | ||||
| ECASS classification | 0.64 | |||
| HI-1, n (%) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| HI-2, n (%) | 17 (16.3) | 16 (18.4) | 1 (5.9) | |
| PH-1, n (%) | 50 (48.1) | 41 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) | |
| PH-2, n (%) | 35 (33.7) | 28 (32.2) | 7 (41.2) | |
| Symptomatic HT, n (%) | 37 (35.6) | 28 (32.2) | 9 (52.9) | 0.16 |
| Location of infarction, n (%) | 0.95 | |||
| Anterior | 94 (90.4) | 79 (90.8) | 15 (88.2) | |
| Posterior | 5 (4.8) | 4 (4.6) | 1 (5.9) | |
| Anterior + Posterior | 5 (4.8) | 4 (4.6) | 1 (5.9) | |
| Midline shift, n (%) | 43 (41.3) | 35 (40.2) | 8 (47.1) | 0.60 |
| > 1/3 middle cerebral artery territory, n(%) | 78 (75.0) | 64 (73.6) | 14 (82.4) | 0.55 |
ECASS, European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study; HI-1, hemorrhagic infarction-1; HI-2, hemorrhagic infarction-2; HT, hemorrhagic transformation; IQR, interquartile range; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; OTT, onset to treatment time; PH-1, parenchymal hematoma-1; PH-2, parenchymal hematoma-2; SD, standard deviation.