TABLE 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of the study population (n = 291).
| Variable | |
|---|---|
| Age of recipient, years [mean ± SD] | 54.7 ± 11.9 |
| Gender of recipient (male) [n (%)] | 201 (69.1) |
| Prior or current smoking history [n (%)] | 111 (38.1) |
| BMI at transplantation, kg/m2 [median (IQR)] a | 25.3 (22.3–28.4) |
| Pre-transplant chronic conditions [n (%)] | |
| Hypertension | 244 (83.8) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 88 (30.2) |
| Coronary heart disease | 29 (10.0) |
| Other chronic heart disease | 47 (16.2) |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 26 (8.9) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 24 (8.2) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 7 (2.4) |
| Type of transplantation [n (%)] | |
| Single kidney | 272 (93.5) |
| Simultaneous kidney-pancreas | 13 (4.5) |
| Simultaneous liver-kidney | 6 (2.1) |
| Previous solid organ transplantation [n (%)] | 36 (12.4) |
| Underlying cause of end-stage kidney disease [n (%)] | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 65 (22.3) |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 58 (19.9) |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 39 (13.4) |
| Nephroangiosclerosis | 23 (7.9) |
| Congenital nephropathy | 10 (3.1) |
| Reflux nephropathy | 8 (2.7) |
| Lupus nephropathy | 5 (1.7) |
| Vasculitis | 5 (1.7) |
| Chronic interstitial nephropathy | 2 (0.7) |
| Unknown | 32 (10.9) |
| Other | 38 (13.1) |
| CMV serostatus [n (%)] | |
| D+/R+ | 208 (71.5) |
| D-/R+ | 37 (12.7) |
| D+/R- | 31 (10.7) |
| D-/R- | 10 (3.4) |
| D unknown/R+ | 5 (1.7) |
| Positive EBV serostatus (anti-EBNA IgG) [n (%)] | 258 (88.7) |
| Positive HCV serostatus [n (%)] | 25 (8.6) |
| Positive HBsAg status [n (%)] | 10 (3.4) |
| Positive HIV serostatus [n (%)] | 3 (1.0) |
| Pre-transplant renal replacement therapy [n (%)] | 261 (89.7) |
| Hemodialysis | 216 (74.2) |
| Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis | 45 (15.5) |
| Time on dialysis, days [median (IQR)] | 572 (287.5–1,085.5) |
| Age of donor, years [mean ± SD] | 53.2 ± 16.6 |
| Gender of donor (male) [n (%)] | 165 (56.7) |
| Type of donor [n (%)] | |
| DBD donor | 185 (63.9) |
| DCD donor | 71 (24.4) |
| Living donor | 31 (10.7) |
| Cold ischemia time, hours [median (IQR)] | 17 (10.3–22.3) |
| Number of HLA mismatches [median (IQR)] | 4 (3–5) |
| Intraoperative blood product transfusion [n (%)] | 34 (11.7) |
| Induction therapy [n (%)] | |
| ATG | 146 (50.2) |
| Total dose, mg [mean ± SD] | 4.8 ± 2.4 |
| Basiliximab | 105 (36.1) |
| Methylprednisolone only | 40 (13.7) |
| Primary immunosuppression [n (%)] | |
| Steroids | 290 (99.7) |
| Tacrolimus | 291 (100.0) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid | 279 (95.9) |
| Azathioprine | 12 (4.1) |
| Everolimus | 1 (0.3) |
| CMV antiviral prophylaxis [n (%)] | 166 (57.0) |
| Duration of prophylaxis, days [median (IQR)] | 96 (90–139) |
| Post-transplant complications [n (%)] | |
| Delayed graft function | 140 (48.1) |
| Number of dialysis sessions [median (IQR)] | 2 (1–3) |
| Reintervention within the first month | 33 (11.3) |
| NODAT | 39 (13.4) |
| Renal artery stenosis requiring revascularization | 23 (7.9) |
| Acute graft rejection b | 40 (14.1) |
| >2 episodes of acute rejection | 8 (2.7) |
| Time to the first episode, days [median (IQR] | 86.5 (15–182.5) |
| T-cell-mediated acute rejection | 21 (7.2) |
| Antibody-mediated acute rejection | 10 (3.4) |
ATG: antithymocyte globulin; BMI: body mass index; CMV: cytomegalovirus; D: donor; DBD: donation after brain death; DCD: donation after circulatory death; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HBsAg: hepatitis B virus surface antigen; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; IQR: interquartile range; NODAT: new-onset diabetes after transplantation; SD: standard deviation; R: recipient.
a
Data on BMI, not available for 23 patients.
b
Includes 7 patients with borderline acute rejection and 6 with empirically-treated episodes not confirmed by biopsy.