Table 2.
Effects of HEASR on haematological parameters in normal and phenylhydrazine-treated male rats.
| FBC | NS (10 mg/kg) | PHZ (60 mg/kg) | DXM (0.014 mg/kg) | HEASR1 (50 mg/kg) | HEASR2 (200 mg/kg) | PHZ + HEASR2 | PHZ + DXM | PHZ + HEASR2 + DXM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBC | 11.67 ± 0.6 | 10.10 ± 0.3 | 13.03 ± 0.8 | 9.47 ± 0.5 | 7.10 ± 0.3 | 13.19 ± 0.4 | 12.27 ± 0.3 | 12.27 ± 0.5 |
| WBCf | 10.10 ± 0.3 | 4.70 ± 0.2* | 13.70 ± 0.5 | 8.83 ± 0.3 | 6.27 ± 0.3 | 6.87 ± 0.6* # | 7.80 ± 0.2* # | 6.33 ± 0.6* # |
| LYMP | 6.23 ± 0.2 | 6.50 ± 0.3 | 7.80 ± 0.2 | 7.27 ± 0.4 | 5.93 ± 0.2 | 6.07 ± 0.3 | 4.93 ± 0.6 | 3.83 ± 0.3 |
| LYMPf | 5.77 ± 0.7 | 1.58 ± 0.2* | 5.20 ± 0.4 | 5.37 ± 0.8 | 5.83 ± 0.6 | 5.60 ± 0.3 # | 5.20 ± 0.3 # | 3.23 ± 0.2 # |
| MID | 2.37 ± 0.2 | 0.80 ± 0.1 | 1.53 ± 0.1 | 1.30 ± 0.1 | 0.70 ± 0.1 | 1.05 ± 0.1 | 3.37 ± 0.2 | 3.90 ± 0.1 |
| MIDf | 2.00 ± 0.2 | 1.13 ± 0.2 | 0.63 ± 0.1 | 1.37 ± 0.1 | 0.50 ± 0.1 | 1.23 ± 0.1 | 1.67 ± 0.1* | 1.17 ± 0.1* |
| GRAN | 3.07 ± 0.2 | 2.80 ± 0.1 | 3.70 ± 0.2 | 0.90 ± 0.2 | 0.47 ± 0.2 | 3.64 ± 0.1 | 3.70 ± 0.2 | 4.53 ± 0.3 |
| GRANf | 2.35 ± 0.1 | 2.00 ± 0.1 | 1.87 ± 0.2* | 2.17 ± 0.1* | 0.93 ± 0.3* | 2.03 ± 0.1 | 1.93 ± 0.1* | 1.93 ± 0.1* |
| LYMP% | 52.33 ± 3.4 | 63.97 ± 4.1 | 59.80 ± 2.3 | 77.67 ± 6.4 | 85.13 ± 3.2 | 50.47 ± 2.3 | 40.83 ± 1.7 | 29.13 ± 2.4 |
| LYMP%f | 35.03 ± 2.1 | 25.10 ± 1.9* | 30.33 ± 2.6 | 47.63 ± 1.3 | 57.20 ± 3.0 | 25.63 ± 1.3* | 36.83 ± 1.5 # | 27.87 ± 1.3 |
| MID% | 21.90 ± 1.4 | 8.30 ± 1.0 | 11.97 ± 1.3 | 13.13 ± 1.6 | 8.53 ± 1.1 | 8.42 ± 1.5 | 28.07 ± 1.2 | 33.23 ± 2.3 |
| MID%f | 19.40 ± 2.1 | 27.23 ± 1.5* | 18.27 ± 1.8 | 12.00 ± 1.3 | 16.23 ± 2.1* | 27.23 ± 1.9* | 27.20 ± 2.2 | 26.77 ± 1.7 |
| GRAN% | 26.43 ± 2.1 | 27.73 ± 1.7 | 28.23 ± 1.2 | 49.20 ± 2.4 | 26.33 ± 1.3 | 29.43 ± 1.1 | 31.00 ± 2.0 | 37.63 ± 1.2 |
| GRAN%f | 45.60 ± 3.3 | 47.50 ± 2.5 | 51.40 ± 2.6 | 44.57 ± 1.8 | 26.57 ± 1.6 | 47.13 ± 2.1 | 35.97 ± 1.7 | 45.37 ± 2.2 |
| HGB | 12.87 ± 0.7 | 12.80 ± 0.4 | 13.03 ± 0.5 | 13.13 ± 1.1 | 12.63 ± 0.7 | 13.73 ± 0.7 | 15.77 ± 0.5 | 19.10 ± 1.4 |
| HGBf | 11.03 ± 1.0 | 6.93 ± 0.7* | 9.70 ± 0.8 | 12.23 ± 1.1 | 11.97 ± 1.5 | 11.63 ± 0.6 # | 11.33 ± 0.5 # | 11.50 ± 0.7 # |
| RBC | 6.45 ± 0.3 | 6.59 ± 0.3 | 6.55 ± 0.2 | 6.67 ± 0.2 | 6.46 ± 0.2 | 6.63 ± 0.3 | 8.27 ± 0.2 | 8.77 ± 0.3 |
| RBCf | 5.05 ± 0.2 | 3.50 ± 0.2* | 4.65 ± 0.3 | 6.42 ± 0.3 | 4.91 ± 0.3 | 5.89 ± 0.3 # | 4.68 ± 0.3 # | 6.52 ± 0.3 # |
| HCT | 46.63 ± 2.3 | 45.00 ± 1.8 | 46.53 ± 1.4 | 39.83 ± 2.7 | 38.33 ± 1.6 | 48.00 ± 2.1 | 53.97 ± 1.9 | 55.10 ± 2.8 |
| HCTf | 22.80 ± 1.5 | 35.60 ± 1.2 | 25.10 ± 1.0* | 52.93 ± 1.4 | 41.30 ± 1.3 | 39.53 ± 1.3 | 28.20 ± 1.6* | 36.30 ± 1.3* |
| MCV | 72.80 ± 2.4 | 68.37 ± 1.6 | 71.17 ± 2.1 | 88.23 ± 1.8 | 88.50 ± 1.4 | 72.40 ± 2.7 | 65.67 ± 2.2 | 63.23 ± 1.7 |
| MCVf | 75.03 ± 1.3 | 102.43 ± 1.7* | 96.37 ± 2.3 | 82.57 ± 1.7 | 86.83 ± 2.4 | 101.80 ± 1.7* | 111.50 ± 2.5* | 103.60 ± 3.2* |
| MCH | 19.90 ± 1.1 | 19.40 ± 0.8 | 19.87 ± 0.6 | 19.77 ± 1.3 | 19.70 ± 1.8 | 20.67 ± 1.3 | 19.10 ± 1.7 | 22.55 ± 1.0 |
| MCHf | 22.60 ± 1.5 | 32.53 ± 1.3* | 43.93 ± 2.4* | 19.03 ± 1.7 | 25.63 ± 1.2 | 29.93 ± 1.5 | 55.77 ± 2.6* # | 32.78 ± 1.8 |
| MCHC | 27.60 ± 0.8 | 28.43 ± 0.6 | 27.97 ± 0.6 | 32.97 ± 0.7 | 33.10 ± 0.6 | 28.57 ± 0.7 | 29.13 ± 0.9 | 35.45 ± 1.3 |
| MCHCf | 30.80 ± 1.2 | 31.67 ± 1.7 | 41.73 ± 1.4* | 23.10 ± 1.1 | 29.23 ± 1.3 | 29.40 ± 2.6 | 48.43 ± 2.1* | 31.67 ± 0.8 |
| RDWCV | 18.90 ± 1.3 | 17.47 ± 1.1 | 16.70 ± 1.5 | 18.30 ± 2.1 | 19.37 ± 1.0 | 18.13 ± 1.1 | 16.13 ± 1.4 | 18.93 ± 1.9 |
| RDWCVf | 20.70 ± 1.3 | 19.70 ± 1.6 | 19.50 ± 1.2 | 23.33 ± 1.8 | 21.63 ± 2.0 | 20.77 ± 1.2 | 20.43 ± 1.5 | 20.97 ± 1.5 |
| RDWSD | 45.03 ± 1.6 | 39.33 ± 1.4 | 39.57 ± 1.8 | 41.40 ± 1.3 | 42.20 ± 1.1 | 42.30 ± 1.6 | 31.37 ± 1.4 | 38.80 ± 1.1 |
| RDWSDf | 50.50 ± 2.4 | 51.57 ± 2.1* | 47.83 ± 2.8 | 61.93 ± 3.0 | 56.50 ± 3.7 | 54.43 ± 3.1 | 54.03 ± 2.8* | 55.03 ± 2.3* |
| PLT | 741.67 ± 5.3 | 961.67 ± 5.9 | 728.33 ± 8.2 | 658.67 ± 7.4 | 617.33 ± 6.3 | 854.00 ± 5.5 | 936.00 ± 8.1 | 957.33 ± 4.8 |
| PLTf | 928.33 ± 7.2 | 670.33 ± 6.4* | 766.67 ± 10.3 | 828.67 ± 14.2 | 930.00 ± 10.1 | 783.67 ± 6.8 | 935.00 ± 9.4 # | 702.00 ± 5.6 |
| MPV | 7.97 ± 0.4 | 7.67 ± 0.4 | 8.60 ± 0.2 | 7.07 ± 0.3 | 6.60 ± 0.3 | 8.23 ± 0.2 | 7.87 ± 0.5 | 7.47 ± 0.3 |
| MPVf | 8.57 ± 0.3 | 9.83 ± 0.6 | 9.43 ± 0.8 | 8.80 ± 0.5 | 8.80 ± 0.3 | 8.57 ± 0.6 | 8.13 ± 0.7 | 8.90 ± 0.2 |
| PDW | 15.37 ± 1.0 | 15.30 ± 0.8 | 15.47 ± 1.4 | 10.27 ± 0.7 | 9.73 ± 1.0 | 15.20 ± 1.5 | 15.60 ± 0.7 | 15.63 ± 1.1 |
| PDWf | 15.80 ± 1.5 | 15.70 ± 1.1 | 15.60 ± 1.3 | 15.50 ± 1.3 | 15.87 ± 0.9* | 15.67 ± 1.2 | 15.40 ± 1.4 | 15.73 ± 1.3 |
| PCT | 0.59 ± 0.1 | 0.67 ± 0.3 | 0.62 ± 0.3 | 0.47 ± 0.2 | 0.41 ± 0.2 | 0.67 ± 0.2 | 0.68 ± 0.4 | 0.69 ± 0.3 |
| PCTf | 0.61 ± 0.3 | 0.66 ± 0.2 | 0.68 ± 0.5 | 0.68 ± 0.2 | 0.67 ± 0.3 | 0.67 ± 0.4 | 0.60 ± 0.3 | 0.61 ± 0.2 |
Results are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6. *P < .05 or **P < .001 when compared to control initial blood count level. Subscript ‘f’ indicates final full blood count level of rat. #P < .05 or ##P < .001 when compared to phenylhydrazine-treated group. Abbreviations: FBC, full blood count; NS, normal saline. DXM, dexamethasone; GRAN (%), granulocytes; HCT (%), haematocrit; HEASR, hydroethanolic extract of A. smeathmannii root; HEASR1, 50 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extract of A. smeathmannii root; HEASR2, 200 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extract of A. smeathmannii root; HGB (g/dL), haemoglobin; LYMP ×103 (/mL), lymphocyte; MCH (pg/dL), mean corpuscular haemoglobin; MCHC (g/dL), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; MCV (fL), mean corpuscular volume; MID (%), minimum inhibitory dilution; MPV (fL), mean platelet volume; PCT (%), plateletcrit; PDW, plate volume distribution width; PHZ, phenylhydrazine; PLT, platelet; RBC ×106/mL, red blood cell; RDWCV (%), red blood cell volume distribution width-CV; RDWSD (%), red blood cell volume distribution width-SD; WBC ×103 (/mL), white blood cell.