Table 2.
Findings from the causal mediation analysis assessing treatment effects on change in heart rate variability relative powers (follow-up–baseline) through different mediators
| Mediator | ΔRPVLF | ΔRPLF | ΔRPHF | ΔLF/HF | ΔRPBW1 | ΔRPBW2 | ΔRPBWRes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔAHI | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.001 (−0.008 to 0.006) |
−0.007* (−0.011 to −0.002) |
0.005 (−0.001 to 0.011) |
−0.033
(−0.062 to −0.007) |
0.002 (−0.001 to 0.005) |
−0.011* (−0.017 to −0.007) |
0.003 (−0.001 to 0.008) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.047* (0.024 to 0.069) |
0.018* (0.008 to 0.027) |
−0.066* (−0.086 to −0.047) |
0.204* (0.131 to 0.280) |
0.011* (0.003 to 0.018) |
0.015* (0.006 to 0.024) |
−0.045* (−0.060 to −0.031) |
|
| ΔOAHI | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.001 (−0.007 to 0.005) |
−0.006
(−0.010 to −0.002) |
0.004 (−0.002 to 0.010) |
−0.029
(−0.059 to −0.004) |
0.003
(0.001 to 0.006) |
−0.011* (−0.016 to −0.006) |
0.002 (−0.002 to 0.010) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.047* (0.025 to 0.069) |
0.017 (0.008 to 0.027) |
−0.065* (−0.083 to −0.045) |
0.200* (0.125 to 0.280) |
0.010 (0.003 to 0.018) |
0.015* (0.006 to 0.023) |
−0.044* (−0.059 to −0.030) |
|
| OSAO+C resol | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.001 (−0.006 to 0.003) |
−0.001 (−0.004 to 0.001) |
0.002 (−0.002 to 0.007) |
−0.015
(−0.040 to −0.003) |
0.001 (−0.001 to 0.003) |
−0.003
(−0.005 to −0.001) |
0.001 (−0.003 to 0.004) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.046* (0.027 to 0.068) |
0.012 (0.003 to 0.022) |
−0.063* (−0.082 to −0.045) |
0.193* (0.115 to 0.263) |
0.012* (0.005 to 0.019) |
0.006 (−0.003 to 0.016) |
−0.043* (−0.056 to −0.029) |
|
| OSA resol | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.002 (−0.012 to 0.008) |
−0.001 (−0.005 to 0.004) |
0.001 (−0.007 to 0.010) |
−0.033 (−0.072 to 0.008) |
0.002 (−0.002 to 0.005) |
−0.005
(−0.010 to −0.001) |
−0.001 (−0.007 to 0.005) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.048* (0.026 to 0.068) |
0.012 (0.002 to 0.022) |
−0.062* (−0.082 to −0.043) |
0.199* (0.120 to 0.280) |
0.011 (0.003 to 0.019) |
0.009 (−0.001 to 0.018) |
−0.041 (−0.055 to −0.026) |
|
| ΔODI | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.001 (−0.006 to 0.005) |
−0.005
(−0.009 to −0.002) |
0.005
(0.001 to 0.010) |
−0.027
(−0.051 to −0.008) |
0.002 (−0.001 to 0.004) |
−0.008* (−0.012 to −0.004) |
0.003 (0.001 to 0.007) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.046* (0.025 to 0.070) |
0.016* (0.007 to 0.025) |
−0.066* (−0.084 to −0.048) |
0.198* (0.127 to 0.271) |
0.011 (0.004 to 0.019) |
0.012 (0.003 to 0.020) |
−0.045* (−0.059 to −0.031) |
|
| ΔMinsat | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.002 (−0.006 to 0.002) |
−0.001 (−0.005 to 0.001) |
0.004
(0.001 to 0.008) |
−0.010 (−0.027 to 0.002) |
0.001 (−0.001 to 0.002) |
−0.002
(−0.005 to −0.001) |
0.003 (−0.001 to 0.007) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.048* (0.027 to 0.067) |
0.013 (0.003 to 0.022) |
−0.064* (−0.083 to −0.047) |
0.180* (0.110 to 0.256) |
0.012 (0.005 to 0.020) |
0.006 (−0.003 to 0.016) |
−0.045* (−0.059 to −0.030) |
|
| ΔTAI | ACME (95% CI) |
−0.001 (−0.006 to 0.005) |
−0.008* (−0.012 to −0.004) |
0.007
(0.002 to 0.013) |
−0.028
(−0.056 to −0.004) |
0.002
(0.001 to 0.005) |
−0.011* (−0.016 to −0.006) |
0.005
(0.001 to 0.009) |
| ADE (95% CI) |
0.046* (0.026 to 0.067) |
0.019* (0.010 to 0.028) |
−0.067* (−0.086 to −0.049) |
0.199* (0.129 to 0.268) |
0.011 (0.003 to 0.018) |
0.015* (0.006 to 0.023) |
−0.047* (−0.061 to 0.033) |
RP, relative power; VLF, very low frequency; LF, low frequency; HF, high frequency; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; OAHI, obstructive AHI; OSAO+C resol, obstructive and central sleep apnea resolution; OSA resol, obstructive sleep apnea resolution; ODI, oxyhemoglobin desaturation index 3%; Minsat, minimum saturation level; TAI, total arousals index; ACME, average causal mediation effect; ADE, average direct effect; CI, confidence interval.
Statistically significant ACME effects (p < 0.05) have been highlighted in bold.
*P < 0.001.