Table 2.

Characteristics of Study Population for Vitreous Metabolomics

Characteristic	PDR (n = 51)	Control (n = 23)	P Value
Age* (year)	54.9 ± 9.2	67.1 ± 8.8	<0.001
Gender† (male/female), n	28/23	7/16	0.051
FBG‡ (mmol/L)	6.8 ± 4.7	5.0 ± 1.7	0.001
Creatinine‡ (µmol/L)	69 ± 37	62 ± 20	0.222
Urea‡ (mmol/L)	6.7 ± 3.3	5.4 ± 1.2	<0.001
TC* (mmol/L)	4.50 ± 1.04	4.87 ± 0.96	0.270
TG‡ (mmol/L)	1.26 ± 0.72	1.59 ± 1.40	0.250
HTN† (yes/no), n	18/33	12/11	0.171
CAD† (yes/no), n	1/50	0/23	1.000
DLD† (yes/no), n	14/37	10/13	0.173
Other diabetic complications,† n	1/50	0/23	1.000
Treatments, n
Anti-VEGF† (yes/no)	14/37	0/23	0.004
Anti-diabetic medications† (yes/no)	51/0	0/23	<0.001
Antihypertension† (yes/no)	18/33	11/12	0.381

Both age and TC data are represented as mean ± standard deviation. FBG, creatinine, urea, and TG are represented as median ± interquartile range.

^*Independent samples t-test.

^†Chi-square test.

^‡Mann–Whitney U test.