Table 2.

Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated With Flux or VSD

	VSD		Flux
Laboratory or Historical Characteristic*	Beta† (SE) 10−3	P Value	Beta† (SE) 10−3	P Value
Hypertension‡	0.791 (2.182)	0.72	−4.607 (3.287)	0.17
SBP (mm Hg)	0.033 (0.038)	0.39	−0.120 (0.056)	0.04
DBP (mm Hg)	−0.042 (0.072)	0.56	−0.089 (0.110)	0.42
Diabetes§	1.010 (2.031)	0.62	−7.374 (3.000)	0.02
Ha1c	−0.298 (0.584)	0.61	−0.969 (0.888)	0.28
Smoker||	−5.135 (2.601)	0.05	0.034 (4.090)	0.99
Hematocrit (%)	0.127 (0.208)	0.54	0.749 (0.307)	0.02
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	0.211 (0.566)	0.71	2.253 (0.842)	0.01
White blood cell count ×103/µL	0.172 (0.451)	0.70	−0.254 (0.706)	0.72
RBC count ×106/µL	0.736 (1.946)	0.71	5.668 (2.962)	0.06
Platelet count ×102/µL	0.018 (0.017)	0.28	0.002 (0.027)	0.95
Retinopathy¶	−4.443 (1.954)	0.03	−1.717 (2.948)	0.56

SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.

^*All models adjusted for age, sex and signal strength with the addition of the variable of interest.

^†Beta values represent the change in the output of interest (VSD or flux) for a single unit increase in the case of continuous variables or by the presence of the characteristic in the case of indicator variables.

^‡Subjects were categorized as hypertensive if they were prescribed hypertension medication, endorsed a history of hypertension, or presented with a systolic blood pressure > 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure > 90.

^§Subjects were categorized as diabetic if they endorsed a history of diabetes mellitus or had a hemoglobin A1c value of 6.5% or greater.

^||Smoker was categorized as current smoker versus not.

^¶Subjects were designated as having retinopathy if medical records indicated a history of retinopathy or diabetic macular edema.