Table 3.
Prevalence of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine (4vHPV)–Type HPV and Non–4vHPV-Type HPV Detected in Penile Swab Specimens, by HPV Vaccination History, Among 18–26-Year-Old Transgender Women and Men Who Have Sex with Men—Seattle, Washington, 2016–2018
| Participants With ≥1 4vHPV Typea | Participants With ≥1 Non-4vHPV Typeb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Total Participants, No. | No. (%) | PR (95% CI) | aPRc (95% CI) | No. (%) | PR (95% CI) | aPRc (95% CI) |
| HPV vaccination history, self-reportedd | |||||||
| No/don’t know | 339 | 53 (15.6) | Reference | Reference | 155 (45.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 348 | 42 (12.1) | 0.77 (.53– 1.12) | 0.69 (.47–1.01) | 148 (42.5) | 0.93 (.79–1.10) | 0.89 (.76–1.05) |
| Age at first HPV vaccination | |||||||
| ≤18 y | 83 | 2 (2.4) | 0.15 (.04–.62) | 0.15 (.04–.62) | 27 (32.5) | 0.71 (.51–.99) | 0.75 (.54–1.05) |
| >18 y | 217 | 32 (14.7) | 0.94 (.63–1.41) | 0.80 (.52–1.22) | 101 (46.5) | 1.02 (.85–1.22) | 0.93 (.77–1.12) |
| Unknown | 48 | 8 (16.7) | 1.07 (.54–2.10) | 1.00 (.51–1.96) | 20 (41.7) | 0.91 (.64–1.30) | 0.94 (.67–1.31) |
| Age, y | |||||||
| 18–21 | 178 | 21 (11.8) | Reference | Reference | 69 (38.8) | Reference | Reference |
| 22–26 | 509 | 74 (14.5) | 1.23 (.78–1.94) | 1.05 (.67–1.64) | 234 (46.0) | 1.19 (.96–1.46) | 1.11 (.91–1.36) |
| History of ever taking PrEP for HIV prevention | |||||||
| No or unknown | 537 | 65 (12.1) | Reference | Reference | 224 (41.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 150 | 30 (20.0) | 1.65 (1.12–2.45) | 1.56 (1.04–2.35) | 79 (52.7) | 1.26 (1.05–1.51) | 1.22 (1.01–1.47) |
| Most recent HIV test result | |||||||
| Negative or unknown | 672 | 91 (13.5) | Reference | Reference | 293 (43.6) | Reference | Reference |
| Positive | 15 | 4 (26.7) | 1.97 (.83–4.66) | 2.16 (.91–5.12) | 10 (66.7) | 1.53 (1.06–2.21) | 1.62 (1.30–2.02) |
| Lifetime no. of sex partners of any sex | |||||||
| ≤5 | 47 | 2 (4.3) | Reference | Reference | 16 (34.0) | Reference | Reference |
| 6–10 | 83 | 3 (3.6) | 0.85 (.15–4.90) | 0.81 (.14–4.62) | 25 (30.1) | 0.88 (.53–1.48) | 0.85 (.51–1.43) |
| 11–20 | 149 | 18 (12.1) | 2.84 (.68–11.79) | 2.56 (.63–10.48) | 60 (40.3) | 1.18 (.76–1.84) | 1.13 (.72–1.75) |
| >20 | 371 | 64 (17.3) | 4.05 (1.03–16.02) | 3.33 (.85–13.11) | 179 (48.2) | 1.42 (.94–2.14) | 1.27 (.84–1.92) |
| Other/unknown | 37 | 8 (21.6) | 5.08 (1.15–22.51) | 4.05 (.92–17.83) | 23 (62.2) | 1.83 (1.14–2.92) | 1.68 (1.06–2.66) |
Abbreviations: 4vHPV, quadrivalent HPV vaccine; aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; PR, prevalence ratio; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis.
4vHPV types include types 6, 11, 16, and 18.
Non-4vHPV types include types 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 81, 82, 83, 84, 89, and IS39.
Analyses were adjusted for age, history of ever taking PrEP for HIV prevention, HIV status, and lifetime number of sex partners. The aPRs presented for age, HIV status, and lifetime number of sex partners are from models that considered HPV vaccination history as a dichotomous variable.
Separate models were constructed considering HPV vaccination history as either a dichotomous (yes vs no/don’t know) or 4-level variable (yes with first dose at age ≤18 years, yes with first dose at age >18 years, yes with unknown age at first dose, or no/don’t know).