Therapeutic interventions in PLD. Abbreviations: AC5, adenylyl cyclase 5; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; Cdc25A, cell division cycle 25A; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; HDAC, histone deacetylase; HSP, heat shock protein; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PLD, polycystic liver disease; PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; RAF, rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; SST, somatostatin; SUMO, small ubiquitin-like modifier; TGR5, Takeda G protein–coupled receptor 5; TRPV, transient receptor potential vanilloid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.