Table 1.
Anthropometric, demographic, and reproductive characteristics of Polish women in the study group.
| N = 263 | Rural N = 161 | Urban N = 102 | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | Mean | SD | |
| Age (years) | 62.5 | 10.1 | 61.3 | 10.3 | 0.29 | 62.1 | 10.0 |
| Age at menopause (years) | 50.6 | 4.3 | 49.3 | 4.8 | 0.04 | 50.1 | 4.5 |
| Height (cm) | 157.8 | 6.0 | 159.7 | 5.7 | 0.01 | 158.5 | 6.0 |
| Weight (kg) | 76.7 | 15.1 | 73.6 | 13.3 | 0.11 | 75.4 | 14.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.8 | 5.7 | 28.9 | 5.1 | 0.01 | 30.0 | 5.6 |
| Body fat (%) | 37.7 | 7.0 | 37.3 | 6.4 | 0.89 | 37.4 | 7.0 |
| Abdominal fat (%) | 10.3 | 3.5 | 9.3 | 3.0 | 0.03 | 9.9 | 3.4 |
| Education (years) | 10.1 | 3.2 | 13.3 | 3.0 | 13.3 | 11.4 | 3.5 |
| Gravidity | 4.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.2 | ≤0.01 | 3.4 | 2.2 |
| Parity | 4.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0.9 | ≤0.01 | 3.3 | 2.0 |
| Lifetime number of months spent pregnant | 37.7 | 17.9 | 16.8 | 11.9 | ≤0.01 | 29.6 | 18.9 |
|
8-OHdG
†
(ng/mL) Biomarker of oxidative damage |
53.1 | 30.2 | 42.0 | 21.6 | ≤0.01 | 48.8 | 27.7 |
|
Cu-Zn SOD
‡
(ng/mL) Antioxidant enzyme |
4.0 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | ≤0.01 | 2.8 | 3.5 |
†
8-Oxo-2’-deoxyguanosine;
‡
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase