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. 2022 Feb 9;9:41–56. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S346047

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© 2022 Li et al.

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TCM induces cell death in HCC through regulation of various immune cells in the TME. TCM including compound and monomers enhances the immune response by inducing the activation of immunostimulatory cells (CD8⁺T cell/ CD4⁺T cell/DC cell/NK cell) and suppressing immunosuppressive cells (Treg/ MDSCs/ TAMs). Created with BioRender.com.

Abbreviations: DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns; DC, dendritic cell; ICD, immunogenic cell death; JLC, Jinlong capsule; FZQJ, Fuzheng Qingjie Granules; FM, Frankincense and myrrh; Treg, Regulatory T; MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells; TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages; APS, Astragalus polysaccharides; JHD, jianpi huayu decoction; CKI, Compound Kushen Injection; BB, Bombyx batryticatus; GLP, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.