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. 2022 Feb 1;13:832533. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832533

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Copyright © 2022 Ionov and Lee

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Quantitative and qualitative profiling of antibody repertoires using the Ig-Seq pipeline. Antibodies sampled from biological fluids are subject to affinity purification against an antigen of interest and profiled by mass spectrometry (top pathway). A donor-specific reference database generated from BCR-Seq (bottom pathway) is used to match peptide spectra with antibody sequences. Relative antibody abundances are profiled in detail and can be tracked longitudinally. Ig-Seq enables detailed longitudinal profiling of antibody repertoires (1), identification of convergent responses (2), functional characterization of antibody specificity (3) and affinity (4), as well as delineation of the in vitro neutralization (5) and in vivo protection (6) conferred by abundant antibodies. Insights from the repertoire’s behavior after antigenic exposure, and the protective features of expressed mAbs, inform the design of diagnostics, vaccination strategies, and therapeutics.