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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Dec 18;52:148–160. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.12.005

Figure 3. Tetravalent E16 and bifunctional E16 design.

Figure 3.

A. E16. B. Tetravalent E16. C. Bifunctional E16 that are designed to enhance its ability to cross the blood brain barrier. VL: variable region of light chain; VH: variable region of heavy chain; VL/VH: the first pair of antigen binding sites that bind and neutralize WNV. VL2/VH2: a second pair of antigen binding sites that bind to surface receptors on the endothelial cells of the BBB. This may enhance the permeability of the bifunctional antibody across the BBB via receptor-mediated transcytosis.