Scheme 1.

srNPs for controlled drug delivery in synergistic cancer immunotherapy. A) Design of srNPs activated by endo‐ and/or ex‐stimuli, including weak acidity, enzyme, high ROS/GSH concentration, photon, US, magnetic field, and radiation, for smart drug release. (B) srNPs activated by endo‐ and/or ex‐stimuli with controlled immunomodulator release for primary tumor treatment. In addition, dying cells with the expressions of CRT, HMGB1, and ATP “eat me” signals are captured for maturing DC and then are presented to effector T cells (CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells). These activated T cells are then accumulated and attack both the primary and metastatic cancer.